Transitional Type 1 and 2 B Lymphocyte Subsets Are Differentially Responsive to Antigen Receptor Signaling

Petro, James B.; Gerstein, Rachel M.; Lowe, John; Carter, Robert S.; Shinners, Nicholas; Khan, Wasif N.

doi:10.1074/jbc.m200305200

Cited by 99 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(50 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

116

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Primary B lymphocytes were isolated using MiniMACS magnetic sorting by negative selection (CD43-depletion) to avoid inadvertent activation of B cells as previously described (41). The enrichment of B cells isolated in this manner was ϳ90 -95% as verified by flow cytometric analysis using anti-B220 and anti-IgM Abs.…”

Section: B Cell Subset Isolation and Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

TLR Stimulation Modifies BLyS Receptor Expression in Follicular and Marginal Zone B Cells

Treml

Carlesso

Hoek

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

Self Cite

147

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Through their differential interactions with B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL), the three BLyS family receptors play central roles in B cell survival and differentiation. Recent evidence indicates BLyS receptor levels shift following BCR ligation, suggesting that activation cues can alter overall BLyS receptor profiles and thus ligand sensitivity. In this study, we show that TLR stimuli also alter BLyS receptor expression, but in contrast to BCR ligation, TLR9 and TLR4 signals, preferentially increase transmembrane activator calcium modulator and cyclophilin ligand interactor (TACI) expression. Although both of these TLRs act through MyD88-dependent mechanisms to increase TACI expression, they differ in terms of their downstream mediators and the B cell subset affected. Surprisingly, only TLR4 relies on c-Rel and p50 to augment TACI expression, whereas TLR9 does not. Furthermore, although all follicular and marginal zone B cells up-regulate TACI in response to TLR9 stimulation, only marginal zone B cells and a subset of follicular B cells respond to TLR4. Finally, we find that both BLyS and APRIL enhance viability among quiescent and BCR-stimulated B cells. However, although BLyS enhances viability among TLR stimulated B cells, APRIL does not, suggesting that TACI but not BLyS receptor 3 may share survival promoting pathways with TLRs.

show abstract

Section: B Cell Subset Isolation and Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

TLR Stimulation Modifies BLyS Receptor Expression in Follicular and Marginal Zone B Cells

Treml

Carlesso

Hoek

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

Self Cite

147

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…26 To isolate T1, T2, and mature B cells we followed the procedure described previously. 27 The murine pre-B-cell-like lymphoma line, 70Z/3, 28 was grown in suspension culture at 37°C in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% (vol/vol) fetal calf serum (FCS) and 200 M ␤-mercaptoethanol. …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the chemokine receptor CCR2 on immature B cells negatively regulates their cytoskeletal rearrangement and migration

Flaishon

Becker-Herman

Hart

et al. 2004

Blood

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the bone marrow, B-cell development can be divided into different stages according to the rearrangement status of the immunoglobulin H (IgH) and IgL chain loci 1,2 and the expression of intracellular and surface-bound markers. The first cells expressing IgM at their surface during this developmental process are the immature B cells, 3 which leave the bone marrow and migrate to the spleen for their final maturation. 4,5 One of the most fundamental and important aspects of the immune system is its ability to recognize and respond to virtually any foreign antigen while maintaining strict unresponsiveness to self-antigens. For B cells, antigens encountered during the immature stage are likely to be self-antigens, and reactive clones are, therefore, subjected to negative selection through deletion, [6][7][8] receptor editing, 9,10 and anergy. 11 The selection process occurring within the immature B-cell compartments is also extended to the periphery, allowing deletion of virtually all B cells recognizing peripheral self-antigens outside of the bone marrow. 12 Immature B cells leave the bone marrow and migrate to the spleen where they can mature prior to antigen encounter. Like other naive lymphocytes, before their arrival in the spleen immature B cells might recirculate to nonsplenic secondary lymphoid organs, which are specialized tissues for collecting antigens, 13 or to sites of infection and inflammation. In these secondary lymphoid organs, where differentiation to mature cells does not occur, antigen encounter would lead to the death of the immature B cells and elimination of effective clones because of the negative selection process. Thus, it is imperative for B cells to home to the spleen and undergo a splenic maturation step before their release into the periphery.Homing of immature B cells to the spleen proceeds through the terminal branches of central arterioles to blood sinusoids of the marginal zone. 4,14 These immature B cells then penetrate the marginal zone sinus and reside in the outer zone of the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS), 15 where they become part of the B-cell-rich follicular areas. 15,16 At this site in the spleen, B cells are still immature and can be distinguished from their mature counterparts. 4,14,17 The transition from immature to mature B cell is characterized by a series of changes in surface marker expression and the activities of these B cells.Two populations of splenic B cells were recently identified as precursors of mature cells. Transitional B cells of type 1 (T1) are the recent immigrants from the bone marrow. Migrating T1 cells expressing B-cell receptors (BCRs) with high affinity to soluble self-antigens (Ags) in the blood are likely to die by negative selection by way of Ag-induced death. On entry to the spleen, T1 cells remain at the PALS, where additional bloodborne self-Ags trapped by the spleen may further drive negative selection. The remaining T1 cells develop into transitional B cells of type 2 (T2), which are found exclusively in the primary follicles of th...

show abstract

“…Effective BCR-cross-linking stimulation depends both on the quality of the interaction (45) and the concomitant coligation of coreceptors that modulate receptor engagement by enhancing BCR signaling (CD19, CD21, and FcgRIIb) (46). BCR activation in early T1CD21 2 cells induces apoptosis, and thus, late transitional cells become resistant to BCR-induced death (47). The low levels of CD21 found in 19 + 45R lo cells may contribute to their refractory response after BCR ligation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of the Splenic Innate-like CD19+CD45Rlo Cell Population from Adult Mice in Homeostatic and Activated Conditions

Andrés

Prado

Palacios

et al. 2012

The Journal of Immunology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the adult spleen, CD19+CD45R−/lo (19+45Rlo) lymphocytes of embryonic origin exist as a distinct population to that of the conventional B cell lineage. These cells display a plasmablast phenotype, and they spontaneously secrete IgG1 and IgA, whereas the bone marrow population of 19+45Rlo cells contains B1 progenitors. In this study, we show that 19+45Rlo cells are also present in Peyer’s patches and in the spleen throughout the life span of wild-type mice, beginning at postnatal day 7. Although this population is heterogeneous, the surface phenotype of most of these cells distinguishes them from follicular, transitional, marginal zone, and B1 cells. In CBA/CaHN mice, few 19+45Rlo cells were detected at postnatal day 7, and none was observed in the adult spleen. Splenic 19+45Rlo cells exhibited homeostatic BrdU uptake in vivo and actively transcribed cell cycle genes. When transferred to immunodeficient RAG2−/−γchain−/− recipient mice, 19+45Rlo cells survived and differentiated into IgG1– and IgA–plasma cells. Moreover, in vitro stimulation of splenic 19+45Rlo cells with LPS, CpG, BAFF/IL4, and CD40/IL4 induced cell proliferation, IgG1/IgA secretion and the release of IL-10, suggesting a potential immunoregulatory role for this subset of innate-like B cells.

show abstract

Transitional Type 1 and 2 B Lymphocyte Subsets Are Differentially Responsive to Antigen Receptor Signaling

Cited by 99 publications

References 66 publications

TLR Stimulation Modifies BLyS Receptor Expression in Follicular and Marginal Zone B Cells

TLR Stimulation Modifies BLyS Receptor Expression in Follicular and Marginal Zone B Cells

Expression of the chemokine receptor CCR2 on immature B cells negatively regulates their cytoskeletal rearrangement and migration

Dynamics of the Splenic Innate-like CD19+CD45Rlo Cell Population from Adult Mice in Homeostatic and Activated Conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About