Transition to self-compatibility associated with dominantS-allele in a diploid Siberian progenitor of allotetraploidArabidopsis kamchaticarevealed byArabidopsis lyratagenomes

Abstract

A transition to selfing can be beneficial when mating partners are scarce, for example, due to ploidy changes or at species range edges. Here we explain how self-compatibility evolved in diploid SiberianArabidopsis lyrata, and how it contributed to the establishment of allotetraploidA. kamchatica. First, we provide chromosome-level genome assemblies for two self-fertilizing diploidA. lyrataaccessions, one from North America and one from Siberia, including a fully assembled S-locus for the latter. We then propose a sequence of events leading to the loss of self-incompatibility in SiberianA. lyrata, date this independent transition to ~90 Kya, and infer evolutionary relationships between Siberian and North AmericanA. lyrata, showing an independent transition to selfing in Siberia. Finally, we provide evidence that this selfing SiberianA. lyratalineage contributed to the formation of the allotetraploidA. kamchaticaand propose that the selfing of the latter is mediated by the loss-of-function mutation in a dominant S-allele inherited fromA. lyrata.

Cycles of satellite and transposon evolution in Arabidopsis centromeres

“…We therefore assembled the genomes of two accessions from the sister species A. lyrata. The two accessions, North American MN47 and Siberian NT1, represent sub-specific A. lyrata lineages that diverged at least ~90,000 years ago [23][24][25][26] . The A. lyrata centromere satellite array assemblies were gapless, and sequence comparisons of syntenic centromeres with A. thaliana indicated that these regions were significantly different between the two species (Fig.…”

“…Arabidopsis lyrata was grown in the greenhouse at 21 o C under 16 hours of light 26 . HMW DNA was isolated from 1.5 g of plant material using a NucleoBond HMW DNA kit 26 .…”

Structural evidence for MADS‐box type I family expansion seen in new assemblies of Arabidopsis arenosa and A. lyrata

“…This genome has served as reference for functional, ecological, and evolutionary experiments in A. lyrata and also A. arenosa (Arnold et al., 2016; Bjerkan et al., 2020; Klosinska et al., 2016; Lafon‐Placette et al., 2017; Yant et al., 2013). A. lyrata has also been used as the reference for Arabidopsis reference‐guided assemblies (Burns et al., 2021; Jaegle et al., 2023; Kolesnikova et al., 2023; Paape et al., 2018). The genus Arabidopsis has been extensively sequenced, e.g.…”

The self‐compatibility is acquired after polyploidization: a case study of Brassica napus self‐incompatible trilinear hybrid breeding system

“…In the GSI system of Solanaceae, self‐polyploidization leads to self‐compatibility (SC; Takayama & Isogai, 2005; Robertson et al ., 2011; Zenil‐Ferguson et al ., 2019). In Brassicaceae, autopolyploids typically maintains the SI system of the ancestral species (Dart et al ., 2004; Hollister et al ., 2012; Hohmann et al ., 2014; Novikova et al ., 2016), while allopolyploids often transition to SC (Okamoto et al ., 2007; Tsuchimatsu et al ., 2012; Novikova et al ., 2017; Bachmann et al ., 2021; Kolesnikova et al ., 2022). In Brassica , all the diploid species belonging to U's triangle ( B. rapa , B. oleracea and B. nigra ) exhibit self‐incompatibility, whereas the allotetraploids ( B. napus , B. juncea and B. carinata ) derived from them are self‐compatible (Nagaharu, 1935).…”

“…The above results suggest that the dominant non‐functional S ‐haplotype inhibiting the SI function of the recessive S ‐haplotype is a common occurrence in B. napus . Furthermore, similar mechnisms of self‐compatibility have been observed in allopolyploids of other Brassicaceae genera, such as Arabidopsis suecica , Arabidopsis kamchatica , and Capsella bursa‐pastoris (Novikova et al ., 2017; Bachmann et al ., 2021; Kolesnikova et al ., 2022).…”