Transition metal phosphide hydroprocessing catalysts: A review

Oyama, S. Ted; Gott, Travis; Zhao, Haiyan; Lee, Yong‐Kul

doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2008.09.019

Cited by 726 publications

(506 citation statements)

References 240 publications

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“…050-8585 27-1 2) 050-8585 27-1 3) 050-8585 27-1 Rh 2 P HDS TPR Na-beta NaMFI NaMOR XRD Rh 2 P Rh _ P/NaMOR CO NaMOR 1…”

Section: Na Rh2punclassified

“…Transition metal phosphides have been reported as highly active new HDS catalysts 1), 2) . Metal-rich phosphides are generally used to develop HDS catalysts because phosphorus-rich phosphides are less stable 2) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Metal-rich phosphides are generally used to develop HDS catalysts because phosphorus-rich phosphides are less stable 2) . In particular, nickel phosphide (Ni2P) catalyst, which has high HDS activity, has been widely studied 1) 6) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation of Rh<sub>2</sub>P Supported on Na-form Zeolites and Catalytic Activity for Hydrodesulfurization

澤田

神田

杉岡

et al. 2015

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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The effects of zeolite structure on rhodium phosphide (Rh2P) formation, dispersion and hydrodesulfurization (HDS) activity were investigated. TPR showed that the order of maximum peak temperature for phosphates reduction was Na-beta NaMFI NaMOR. The XRD patterns of reduced catalysts revealed that the order of Rh2P formation temperature agreed with that of phosphate reducibility. CO uptake of NaMOR-supported catalyst was much lower than those of other zeolite-supported catalysts. These results suggested that since the NaMOR support had a one-dimensional channel, the phosphates and Rh species did not easily diffuse into the micropores. The order of thiophene HDS conversion was NaMFI Na-beta NaMOR. The order of average particle size of Rh2P calculated from TEM images was NaMOR Na-beta ≈ NaMFI. Since formation of Rh2P on the Na-beta needed high reduction temperature, the beta structure might be partially collapsed. Well-dispersed Rh2P was formed on NaMFI at lower reduction temperature, so that this catalyst exhibited the highest HDS activity among the zeolite-supported catalysts.

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“…050-8585 27-1 2) 050-8585 27-1 3) 050-8585 27-1 Rh 2 P HDS TPR Na-beta NaMFI NaMOR XRD Rh 2 P Rh _ P/NaMOR CO NaMOR 1…”

Section: Na Rh2punclassified

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Formation of Rh<sub>2</sub>P Supported on Na-form Zeolites and Catalytic Activity for Hydrodesulfurization

澤田

神田

杉岡

et al. 2015

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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“…In recent years, metal phosphides have attracted increasing attention in hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) catalysis 5) , because HDO is essential for upgrading renewable bio-oils to transportation fuels. Recent insightful articles have provided comprehensive reviews of the crystal structures, properties and catalytic performances in hydrotreating of metal phosphides 6), 7) . The present review will focus on the preparation, catalytic performance, and characterization of metal phosphides, mainly based on the research conducted in our group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metal Phosphides as High-performance Hydrotreating Catalysts

Wang

Sun

et al. 2015

J. Jpn. Petrol. Inst.

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“…1 In particular, phosphide 16 and noble metal (NM) 79 catalysts are receiving much attention as new HDS catalysts. Additionally, noble metal phosphides (NM X P Y ), generally prepared from chlorides (Cl), have been reported.…”

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confidence: 99%

Preparation of Highly Active Noble Metal Phosphide Catalysts: Effect of Precursors on the Formation of the Active Phase and Hydrodesulfurization Activity

et al. 2013

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The effect of precursors on the active phase formation and hydrodesulfurization activities of noble metal phosphide catalysts was examined. The maximum activities of PdP and RhP catalysts prepared from acetylacetonato (acac) complex were observed at lower reduction temperatures than those for catalysts prepared from chlorides (Cl). The PdP catalyst prepared from acac also showed higher activity than that obtained from Cl. However, this trend was not observed in the RhP catalyst. The characterization results revealed that the higher activity of the PdP catalyst prepared from the acac is due to the highly dispersed Pd 4.8 P.The combustion of organic sulfur compounds in fuels used for boilers and engines results in the formation of sulfur oxides (SO X ). It is well known that SO X causes air pollution, acid rain, and the deactivation of automotive catalysts. Clean fuels are produced by the petroleum industry using hydrodesulfurization (HDS) processes. Recently, the development of new HDS catalysts that exhibit higher activity than commercial CoMo/ Al 2 O 3 catalysts have been claimed to produce cleaner fuels with low sulfur content. We reported that Rh 2 P and Pd 4.8 P showed higher catalytic activity than Ni 2 P and other NM X P Y (Ru and Pt).10 On the other hand, supported Pt catalysts prepared from acetylacetonato (acac) complexes have higher HDS activity than supported Pt catalysts prepared from other precursors.15 Thus, it may be possible to prepare highly active NM X P Y catalysts from acac complexes. In this study, the effect of precursors on the formation of NM X P Y (Pd 4.8 P and Rh 2 P) and its catalytic activity was examined in order to develop a new highly active HDS catalyst.Silica (SiO 2 , 295 m 2 g ¹1 ) was used as the catalyst support. P-added NM (NMP) catalysts were prepared using a previously described impregnation method. 10,12 The chloride precursors, RhCl 3 ¢3H 2 O and PdCl 2 , were dissolved in water and a 1.0 mol L ¹1 HCl solution, respectively. Ammonium dihydrogenphosphate (NH 4 H 2 PO 4 , AHP) was used for the preparation of NMP(Cl) catalysts. After impregnation, the catalysts were dried at 110°C for 24 h followed by heat treatment at 450°C in N 2 for 1 h to decompose the salts. The sieved catalysts (3042 mesh granules) were calcined in air at 500°C for 4 h (10°C min ¹1 ). The NMP(acac) catalysts were prepared using the same procedure but with acac complexes ([Rh(C 5 H 8 O 2 ) 3 ] and [Pd(C 5 H 7 O 2 ) 2 ]) dissolved in acetylacetone. In addition, triphenylphosphine ((C 6 H 5 ) 3 P, TPP) was used as the P precursor for the preparation of the NMP(acac) catalysts, because AHP does not dissolve in acetylacetone.The HDS of thiophene was performed using a fixed bed flow reactor under atmospheric pressure. The sieved catalyst (0.1 g) was treated in He at 500°C for 1 h, followed by reduction with H 2 at 350700°C for 1 h prior to the reaction. The HDS reaction was carried out using a mixture of H 2 and vaporized thiophene at 0°C, which was introduced into the quartz reactor at 350°C. The W/F of the...

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Transition metal phosphide hydroprocessing catalysts: A review

Cited by 726 publications

References 240 publications

Formation of Rh<sub>2</sub>P Supported on Na-form Zeolites and Catalytic Activity for Hydrodesulfurization

Formation of Rh<sub>2</sub>P Supported on Na-form Zeolites and Catalytic Activity for Hydrodesulfurization

Metal Phosphides as High-performance Hydrotreating Catalysts

Preparation of Highly Active Noble Metal Phosphide Catalysts: Effect of Precursors on the Formation of the Active Phase and Hydrodesulfurization Activity

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