Transition metal-containing nitrogen-doped nanocarbon catalysts derived from 5-methylresorcinol for anion exchange membrane fuel cell application

Kisand, Kaarel; Sarapuu, Ave; Danilian, Dmytro; Kikas, Arvo; Kisand, Vambola; Rähn, Mihkel; Treshchalov, Alexey; Käärik, Maike; Merisalu, Maido; Paiste, Päärn; Aruväli, Jaan; Leis, Jaan; Sammelselg, Väinö; Holdcroft, Steven

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.114

Cited by 55 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…flooding or drying) have a great influence on the overall fuel cell performance [42,43]. Considering these aspects together with different GDL material and gas flow rates can provide a possible explanation for the high Pmax of 415 mW cm −2 obtained with FeCoNC-at catalyst in an earlier investigation, where otherwise similar conditions to the present study were used [44]. Also, more than two times higher Pmax of FeCoNC-at compared to the Fe/Co/IL-CNF-800b could not be solely caused by the catalysts ORR activity as in the kinetically controlled region remarkably closer current density values at 0.85 V (J0.85V) around 60 mA cm -2 were observed for both catalysts.…”

Section: Aemfc Testingsupporting

confidence: 50%

“…Also, more than two times higher Pmax of FeCoNC-at compared to the Fe/Co/IL-CNF-800b could not be solely caused by the catalysts ORR activity as in the kinetically controlled region remarkably closer current density values at 0.85 V (J0.85V) around 60 mA cm -2 were observed for both catalysts. Furthermore, more negative E1/2 value was observed in the case of FeCoNC-at (-0.18 V) compared to Fe/Co/IL-CNF-800b (-0.15 V) during the RDE experiments in 0.1 M KOH [44]. In Table 4, the NPMCs showing higher Pmax values than FeCoNC-at have all been obtained with laboratory AEMs that are not commercially available.…”

Section: Aemfc Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iron and cobalt containing electrospun carbon nanofibre-based cathode catalysts for anion exchange membrane fuel cell

Sokka

Mooste

Käärik

et al. 2021

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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The use of Pt-based cathode catalyst materials hinders the widespread application of anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Herein, we present a non-precious metal catalyst (NPMC) material based on pyrolysed Fe and Co co-doped electrospun carbon nanofibres (CNFs). The prepared materials are studied as oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts in alkaline and acidic environments. High activity towards the ORR in alkaline solution indicated the suitability of the prepared NPMCs for the application at the AEMFC cathode. In the AEMFC test, the membrane-electrode assembly bearing a cathode with the nanofibre-based catalyst prepared with the ionic liquid (IL) (Fe/Co/IL-CNF-800b) showed the maximum power density (Pmax) of 195 mW cm −2 , which is 78 % of the Pmax obtained with a commercial Pt/C cathode catalyst. Such high ORR

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Section: Aemfc Testingsupporting

confidence: 50%

Section: Aemfc Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron and cobalt containing electrospun carbon nanofibre-based cathode catalysts for anion exchange membrane fuel cell

Sokka

Mooste

Käärik

et al. 2021

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Self Cite

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“…Various research groups have extensively studied the development of new catalysts via the incorporation of one, two, or more doping agents with carbon sources. Examples of doping atoms of interest are N, P, S, and B, which may be introduced with precursors via different methods [15,51]. In this way, various doped carbons can be synthesized by altering the ratio of the precursors to initial carbon source(s) [15].…”

Section: Doping Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, these Pt catalysts also suffer from long term degradation and instability [14]. Pt has other recorded shortfalls such as toxicity and methanol poisoning [15,16]. These disadvantages, coupled with the low utilization of The cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) makes up one of the two half reactions necessary for fuel cell device operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, these Pt catalysts also suffer from long term degradation and instability [14]. Pt has other recorded shortfalls such as toxicity and methanol poisoning [15,16]. These disadvantages, coupled with the low utilization of Pt (0.25 g kW −1 ), make widespread economical application unfeasible, especially for transportation applications [17,18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advancements in the Synthesis and Application of Carbon-Based Catalysts in the ORR

Macchi¹,

Denmark²,

Le³

et al. 2021

Electrochem

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Fuel cells are a promising alternative to non-renewable energy production industries such as petroleum and natural gas. The cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which makes fuel cell technology possible, is sluggish under normal conditions. Thus, catalysts must be used to allow fuel cells to operate efficiently. Traditionally, platinum (Pt) catalysts are often utilized as they exhibit a highly efficient ORR with low overpotential values. However, Pt is an expensive and precious metal, posing economic problems for commercialization. Herein, advances in carbon-based catalysts are reviewed for their application in ORRs due to their abundance and low-cost syntheses. Various synthetic methods from different renewable sources are presented, and their catalytic properties are compared. Likewise, the effects of heteroatom and non-precious metal doping, surface area, and porosity on their performance are investigated. Carbon-based support materials are discussed in relation to their physical properties and the subsequent effect on Pt ORR performance. Lastly, advances in fuel cell electrolytes for various fuel cell types are presented. This review aims to provide valuable insight into current challenges in fuel cell performance and how they can be overcome using carbon-based materials and next generation electrolytes.

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Recent Insights on Catalyst Layers for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

et al. 2021

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Anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs) performance have significantly improved in the last decade (>1 W cm−2), and is now comparable with that of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). At high current densities, issues in the catalyst layer (CL, composed of catalyst and ionomer), like oxygen transfer, water balance, and microstructural evolution, play important roles in the performance. In addition, CLs for AEMFCs have different requirements than for PEMFCs, such as chemical/physical stability, reaction mechanism, and mass transfer, because of different conductive media and pH environment. The anion exchange ionomer (AEI), which is the soluble or dispersed analogue of the anion exchange membrane (AEM), is required for hydroxide transport in the CL and is normally handled separately with the electrocatalyst during the electrode fabrication process. The importance of the AEI–catalyst interface in maximizing the utilization of electrocatalyst and fuel/oxygen transfer process must be carefully investigated. This review briefly covers new concepts in the complex AEMFC catalyst layer, before a detailed discussion on advances in CLs based on the design of AEIs and electrocatalysts. The importance of the structure–function relationship is highlighted with the aim of directing the further development of CLs for high‐performance AEMFC.

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Transition metal-containing nitrogen-doped nanocarbon catalysts derived from 5-methylresorcinol for anion exchange membrane fuel cell application

Cited by 55 publications

References 90 publications

Iron and cobalt containing electrospun carbon nanofibre-based cathode catalysts for anion exchange membrane fuel cell

Iron and cobalt containing electrospun carbon nanofibre-based cathode catalysts for anion exchange membrane fuel cell

Recent Advancements in the Synthesis and Application of Carbon-Based Catalysts in the ORR

Recent Insights on Catalyst Layers for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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