“…In fact, a recent large meta-analysis of the NOTES literature [4] focusing on various surgical intraabdominal procedures, all ascribable to EA-NOS, concluded that no human studies were found satisfactory for the inclusion criteria, for scarce disposable evidence, minor safety, and efficacy compared to laparotomy and laparoscopy. The recommendation that human procedures should first pass through hybrid NOTES surgery, under strict guidelines, and in apposite controlled registers was later supported, as known, by the revision of NOSCAR ''white paper'' [5]. In fact, a need for a worldwide register, a standardization of the nomenclature, safety data to be used by ethical committees in order to authorize human trials, and implementation of the interface between medical societies, industry, and regulatory offices is no longer discussed.…”