Transition from Hashimoto thyroiditis to Graves’s Disease: an unpredictable change?

Vassallo, Alberto; Ferrari, Francesca; di Filippo, Luigi; Giustina, Andrea; Loli, Paola

doi:10.1007/s12020-023-03634-x

Endocrine

2023

DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03634-x

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Transition from Hashimoto thyroiditis to Graves’s Disease: an unpredictable change?

Alberto Vassallo,

Francesca Ferrari,

Luigi di Filippo

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 2 publications

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Quitting smoking as a probable trigger for new-onset hypothyroidism after successful medical treatment of Graves’ disease: case report

Elsherbiny

2024

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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Graves’ disease (GD) is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism while Hashimoto or autoimmune thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism. Spontaneous hypothyroidism may develop after successful medical treatment of GD in up to 20% of cases. This report presents a gentleman who is a known smoker and was diagnosed with GD at the age of 64 years. He was counseled about smoking cessation and started with medical treatment using carbimazole (CBZ). He was adequately controlled using medical treatment, yet he continued to smoke. After 2 years of medical treatment, CBZ was stopped due to developing hypothyroidism on the minimum dose of treatment. Celebrating the discontinuation of treatment, the patient decided to quit smoking. One month later, he was euthyroid; however, 4 months later, he developed overt hypothyroidism. He received levothyroxine replacement therapy and titrated to achieve euthyroidism and remained on levothyroxine for more than 5 years. The possibility that quitting smoking may have triggered the development of hypothyroidism was raised due to the coincidence of developing hypothyroidism only 4 months after quitting smoking. Current smoking is associated with a higher risk of developing both GD and Graves’ orbitopathy. Quitting smoking is associated with a higher risk of developing new-onset thyroid autoimmunity. Quitting smoking is also associated with a sevenfold higher risk of autoimmune hypothyroidism especially in the first year of smoking cessation. Involved mechanisms may include a sudden increase in oxidative stress, a sudden increase in iodide delivery to thyroid follicles, or promoting T-helper 1-mediated autoimmune thyroiditis after quitting smoking. The present case suggests that quitting smoking may be a triggering factor for the development of hypothyroidism following successful medical treatment of GD, a phenomenon that may affect one-fifth of GD patients without previously reported triggers.

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Quitting smoking as a probable trigger for new-onset hypothyroidism after successful medical treatment of Graves’ disease: case report

Elsherbiny

2024

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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Analysis of the correlation between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and food intolerance

Yan,

Wu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the correlation between patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and food intolerance.MethodsA total of 172 subjects who visited Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2020 and March 2023 were selected and tested for 90 food-specific IgG antibodies. The study group composed 85 individuals diagnosed with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, while the control group consisted of 87 healthy individuals. Data were analyzed to determine the correlation between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and food intolerance.ResultsAmong the 85 patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, 97.65% exhibited food intolerance, with an average of 15.76 ± 10.61 types of food intolerances. The most common intolerances were to eggs (75.29%), bok choy (71.76%), and milk (65.88%), each exceeding a 60% intolerance rate. In the control group of 87 healthy individuals, the intolerance rate was 95.40%, with an average of 9.57 ± 8.90 types of food intolerances. The most prevalent intolerances in the control group were to bok choy (54.02%) and eggs (52.87%), each exceeding a 50% intolerance rate.ConclusionThe findings suggest that patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis are more likely to develop food intolerance compared to the healthy population, which may indicate a correlation between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and food intolerance. Different dietary patterns may affect the activity of the thyroid axis and may even be the cause of autoimmune thyroid disease. The technique of detecting food intolerance IgG antibodies has the potential to be an important reference for dietary interventions in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.

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Transition from Hashimoto thyroiditis to Graves’s Disease: an unpredictable change?

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Quitting smoking as a probable trigger for new-onset hypothyroidism after successful medical treatment of Graves’ disease: case report

Quitting smoking as a probable trigger for new-onset hypothyroidism after successful medical treatment of Graves’ disease: case report

Analysis of the correlation between Hashimoto’s thyroiditis and food intolerance

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