“…Yet, adoptive parents also experience a series of challenging transitions during the post-adoption period. In fact, existing research suggests that adoptive parents face unique obstacles, emotions, and transitions as they adapt to parenthood (Fontenot, 2007;Levy-Shiff, Goldshmidt, & Har-Even, 1991). Adoptive parents' transition to parenthood is uniquely distinguished by experiences with infertility (Cohen, Coyne, & Duvall, 1993;Daniluk & Hurtig-Mitchell, 2003), navigating first-time parenthood at an older age, on average (Ceballo et al, 2004;Cohen et al, 1993;Dean, Dean, White, & Liu, 1995;Gjerdingen & Froberg, 1991), an increased likelihood of parenting children with preexisting behavioral/emotional difficulties (Glidden, 2000;Glidden & Floyd, 1997;Lazarus, Evans, Glidden, & Flaherty, 2002;Mainemer, Gilman, & Ames, 1998;McGlone, Santos, Kazama, Fong, & Mueller, 2002), an increased likelihood of parenting children who are of a different race (Lazarus et al, 2002), and the stigma attached to adoption (Wegar, 1995).…”