Transit Migration in Europe

Abstract

Introduction 2.2 Transit border crossings in Turkey: Some facts 2.3 Environment of uncertainty 2.4 Environment of insecurity 2.5 Conclusion 3 Refugee Migration to Egypt: Settlement or Transit? Mulki Al-Sharmani 3.1 Introduction 3.2 The history of refugee migration to Egypt 3.3 Egypt's policies on refugees 3.4 UNHCR Cairo: Protection policies 3.5 Refugees' experiences 3.6 Conclusion: Settlement or transit? 4 Transnational Migration The Case of Sub-Saharan Transmigrants Stopping Over in Morocco Mehdi Alioua 4.1 The stage: The best place to observe and understand 'transit migrations' 4.2 The establishment of collectives in Maghrebian stopovers 4.3 The impact of transmigration on local populations 5 Trying to Transit Irregular Immigration in Malta Cetta Mainwaring 5.1 Introduction 5.2 EU migration policy 5.3 Malta 5.4 Trying to transit: Migrant accounts and strategies 5.5 Conclusion: Transit migration? Part 2 The Central and Eastern European Quadrants 6 The East-to-West Circuit Transit Migration through Russia Irina Ivakhnyuk 6.1 Introduction 6.2 The emergence of Russia as a transit zone 6.3 Interstate cooperation in counteracting irregular migration, human smuggling and trafficking 6.4 Conclusion 7 Hungary and the System of European Transit Migration Irina Molodikova 8 Irregular Transit Migration of Moldovan Citizens to the European Union Countries Valerii Mosneaga 8.1 Introduction 8.2 The push factors of Moldovan migration 8.3 Theoretical and methodological approach 8.4 Government efforts on migration management 8.5 Irregular (transit) migration from Moldova 8.6 The services for illegal migration and trafficking 8.7 Main routes for transit migration from Moldova to the EU 8.8 Return transit migration to Moldova 8.9 Irregular transit migration via the Republic of Moldova 8.10 Conclusion 9 Transit Migrations in the European Migration Spaces Politics, Determinants and Dynamics Franck Düvell 9.1 Contrasting geopolitical structures and migration regimes 9.2 Causes, patterns and consequences of transit migration 9.3 Characteristics and strategies of transit migrants 9.4 The politics of transit migration 9.