Transient thermal performance using phase change material integrated topology optimized heat sinks

Iradukunda, Ange-Christian; Vargas, Andres; Huitink, David; Lohan, Danny J.

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115723

Cited by 51 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…As shown by Moon et al [22], a PCM volume fraction of 0.85 and an estimated paraffin to AM aluminum silicon alloy (AlSi10Mg) weight ratio of 0.64 was used to improve TES power density (0.58 Wcm -3 ); notably, the authors report that a power density of 0.58 Wcm -3 represents a 4X improvement over conventional designs and the largest published liquid-to-TES heat exchanger value to date. More recently, Iradukunda et al [23] used topology optimization schemes and Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) of AlSi10Mg to design and fabricate optimal fin geometries for D-Sorbitol (0.59 Wm -1 K -1 ) solid-liquid electronic heat sinks. As a baseline, they modeled straight fins and reported a trade-off between melt speed and melt duration with PCM volume fractions from 0.6 to 1.0.…”

Section: No Encapsulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-state thermal energy storage using reversible martensitic transformations

Sharar

Donovan

Warzoha

et al. 2019

Applied Physics Letters

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The identification and use of reversible Martensitic transformations, typically described as shape memory transformations, as a new class of solid-solid phase change material is experimentally demonstrated here for the first time. To prove this claim, time-domain thermoreflectance, frequency-domain thermoreflectance, and differential scanning calorimetry studies were conducted on commercial NiTi alloys to quantify thermal conductivity and latent heat. Additional Joule-heating experiments demonstrate successful temperature leveling during transient heating and cooling in a simulated environment. Compared to standard solid-solid materials and solid-liquid paraffin, these experimental results show that shape memory alloys provide up to a two order of magnitude higher Figure of Merit. Beyond these novel experimental results, a comprehensive review of >75 binary NiTi and NiTi-based ternary and quaternary alloys in the literature shows that shape memory alloys can be tuned in a wide range of transformation temperatures (from -50 to 330°C), latent heats (from 9.1 to 35.1 J/g), and thermal conductivities (from 15.6 to 28 W/m·K). This can be accomplished by changing the Ni and Ti balance, introducing trace elements, and/or by thermomechanical processing.Combining excellent corrosion resistance, formability, high strength and ductility, high thermal performance, and tunability, SMAs represent an exceptional phase change material that circumvents many of the scientific and engineering challenges hindering progress in this field. MAIN TEXTThermal energy storage (TES) using phase change materials (PCMs) offers tremendous benefits in a diverse array of technology spaces, ranging from large scale power generation to more

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Section: No Encapsulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-state thermal energy storage using reversible martensitic transformations

Sharar

Donovan

Warzoha

et al. 2019

Applied Physics Letters

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“…Nevertheless, this solution is not infeasible. In recent years, due to the development and maturity of metal additive manufacturing technology, the processing of complex fins can break free from the constraints of traditional processing methods [32]. Recently, spacecraft energy storage devices also used lattices to strengthen the structure, which had better welding properties.…”

Section: Further Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of the Thermal Enhancement for Spacecraft PCM Thermal Energy Storage Units

et al. 2022

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To access the enhancement effect of the topology optimization and porous foam structure, numerical studies were conducted to investigate the heat conduction enhancement (by metal foam, graphite foam, topologically optimized fins, and combinations of metal foam and topologically optimized fins) of phase change material (PCM (n-octadecane)) based tubular thermal energy storage unit for spacecraft. The results showed that metal foam performed better than topologically optimized fins and a combination of metal foam and topology optimized fins, of which conductive material, unit mass, and volume fraction of PCM were the same. Graphite foam (140 W/(m·K)) had the best heat transfer enhancing effect, making PCM melt much faster than other enhancing methods investigated. A multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method integrated with the combined weight and TOPSIS method was introduced to evaluate the preferred alternatives’ performance based on the energy storage time, equivalent density, and energy storage. The evaluation pointed out that 3% topologically optimized aluminum fins with 98% copper foam had the best comprehensive performance. This study guided the optimal design of latent heat thermal energy storage units for spacecraft under microgravity.

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“…For instance, Sigmund et al [6] improved the performance of a liquid-cooled heat sink with topology optimization by a peudo-3D model resulting in a modified airfoil fin shape. Iradukunda et al [7] used topology optimization to generate optimal heat spreading structures that can be coupled with PCM to enhance the heat transfer rate. Specifically, under a pulsed load of 50 W, the hybrid heat sink exhibited the capacity to lower peak temperature by up to 18.9 °C relative to a benchmark plate fin design of similar dimensions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of PCM-based heat sinks through topology optimization

Bianco

Fragnito

Iasiello

et al. 2023

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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Ever-increasing heat fluxes of electronic components ask for higher performance of devices responsible for their cooling. Against that background, PCM-based heat sinks – because of their compactness, and effectiveness – are well-established solutions for thermal management issues. Even though solutions for the thermal enhancement of PCM devices have been widely presented, new ways to optimize such systems are emerging. Among them, this work investigates the application of density-based topology optimization to define innovative heat sinks design able to minimize thermal resistance under constant wall temperature. A 2D numerical model is developed by means of a finite element tool. The heat equation is solved for the topology optimization problem with the objective of minimizing the average temperature, considering further manufacturing restrictions. Solid-isotropic-material-with-penalization (SIMP) method is applied to link the design variable to material properties. Parameterization of Helmholtz filter’s minimum feature size and projection based on the hyperbolic tangent function is performed, showing improved performance as well as feature size decrease. The optimized prototype – with PCM – is then simulated with the enthalpy-porosity model to assess the benefits, i.e., reduction in the melting time, with respect to the baseline. Results show the potential of optimizing heat sinks via a topology-based approach and confirm it as a promising tool for finding new heat sink geometry, whatever the application.

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Transient thermal performance using phase change material integrated topology optimized heat sinks

Cited by 51 publications

References 32 publications

Solid-state thermal energy storage using reversible martensitic transformations

Solid-state thermal energy storage using reversible martensitic transformations

Comparative Study of the Thermal Enhancement for Spacecraft PCM Thermal Energy Storage Units

Design of PCM-based heat sinks through topology optimization

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