“…Passing through convolution layers and pooling layers, the data are organized into vector features related to transient stability. The features are aggregated through the fully connected layer, and transiently stable and unstable states are determined through a softmax classifier [16].…”
Section: Preprocessing Of Dynamic Datamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Using these data, various research studies have proposed artificial intelligent models, such as support vector machines (SVMs), known for their superior classification performance [10], long short-term memory (LSTM) [11], neural networks (NNs) [12], and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) [6,13], etc. Moreover, there are studies that have combined artificial intelligence techniques with conventional mathematical methods [14] or integrated two or more artificial intelligence techniques [15,16]. In recent research trends, a significant number of studies have been focusing on using CNN models that transform data into images and use them as inputs for artificial intelligence models.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is a method that greatly increases image analysis performance and is used in computer vision, object recognition, and object detection. It has been used as a popular image analysis method in image-related fields, such as [14][15][16][17]. Recently, studies using saliency maps have been published in the field of power system load prediction [18,19].…”
This study proposes a model for transient stability assessment, which is a convolutional neural network model combined with a saliency map (S–CNN model). The convolutional neural network model is trained on dynamic data acquired through the data measurement devices of a power system. Applying the saliency map to the acquired dynamic data visually highlights the critical aspects of transient stability assessment. This reduces data training time by eliminating unnecessary aspects during the convolutional neural network model training, thus improving training efficiency. As a result, the proposed model can achieve high performance in transient stability assessment. The dynamic data are acquired by configuring benchmark models, IEEE 39 and 118 bus systems, through MATLAB/Simulink and performing time-domain simulations. Based on the acquired dynamic data, the performance of the proposed model is verified through a confusion matrix. Furthermore, an analysis of the effects of noise interference on the performance is conducted.
“…Passing through convolution layers and pooling layers, the data are organized into vector features related to transient stability. The features are aggregated through the fully connected layer, and transiently stable and unstable states are determined through a softmax classifier [16].…”
Section: Preprocessing Of Dynamic Datamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Using these data, various research studies have proposed artificial intelligent models, such as support vector machines (SVMs), known for their superior classification performance [10], long short-term memory (LSTM) [11], neural networks (NNs) [12], and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) [6,13], etc. Moreover, there are studies that have combined artificial intelligence techniques with conventional mathematical methods [14] or integrated two or more artificial intelligence techniques [15,16]. In recent research trends, a significant number of studies have been focusing on using CNN models that transform data into images and use them as inputs for artificial intelligence models.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is a method that greatly increases image analysis performance and is used in computer vision, object recognition, and object detection. It has been used as a popular image analysis method in image-related fields, such as [14][15][16][17]. Recently, studies using saliency maps have been published in the field of power system load prediction [18,19].…”
This study proposes a model for transient stability assessment, which is a convolutional neural network model combined with a saliency map (S–CNN model). The convolutional neural network model is trained on dynamic data acquired through the data measurement devices of a power system. Applying the saliency map to the acquired dynamic data visually highlights the critical aspects of transient stability assessment. This reduces data training time by eliminating unnecessary aspects during the convolutional neural network model training, thus improving training efficiency. As a result, the proposed model can achieve high performance in transient stability assessment. The dynamic data are acquired by configuring benchmark models, IEEE 39 and 118 bus systems, through MATLAB/Simulink and performing time-domain simulations. Based on the acquired dynamic data, the performance of the proposed model is verified through a confusion matrix. Furthermore, an analysis of the effects of noise interference on the performance is conducted.
“…In 2021, [12] introduced a two-stage method for the power system TSA using a snapshot ensemble LSTM network. In [13], the application of CNN-LSTM for transient stability prediction based on PMU data is investigated, considering stability conditions resulting from network changes. In addition, the stacked autoencoders and ensemble learning are proposed by [14].…”
Transient stability assessment (TSA) plays a critical role in ensuring
the reliable operation of power systems. However, existing approaches
for TSA often encounter challenges such as data imbalances, limited
sample sizes, and the need for adaptability in the face of system
changes, necessitating the exploration of more advanced techniques. This
paper proposes a novel deep transfer learning (DTL) framework to address
these limitations that incorporates CNN-LSTM and stacked denoising
auto-encoder (SDAE) techniques, aiming to significantly improve the
speed and accuracy of power system TSA, especially in online
applications and adaptability to system changes. First, the utilization
of SDAE enables effective feature extraction, while the implementation
of class weight balancing and cross-entropy loss function techniques
effectively addresses data imbalances. Second, a CNN-LSTM classifier is
constructed using transfer progressive learning. This approach allows
for the effective analysis of spatial and temporal dynamic measurements
by leveraging unsupervised pre-training (auto-encoder) and additional
CNN-LSTM layers. Third, we propose the DTL, which leverages knowledge
transfer from the CNN-LSTM model and incorporates fine-tuning
techniques. This innovative approach ensures adaptability under in four
scenarios, which is a prevalent challenge in power systems for
continuous prediction. As compared with other techniques, the results
demonstrate that our proposed approach achieves TSA accuracy of up to
99.68% on the IEEE 39-bus system and 99.80% on the South Carolina
500-bus system. Furthermore, to compare the performance of continuous
prediction with other methods, our proposed method exhibits a
significant improvement of 2% even with a limited sample size.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.