Transient pollution events: Acute risks to the aquatic environment

Beck, M.B.

doi:10.1016/0273-1223(96)00205-3

Cited by 34 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 35 publications

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“…However, pollution levels during in-stream activities generally exceed the diurnal variations usually observed in the absence of these activities (Yillia et al 2008a,b). It is well known that all systems are subject to a wide spectrum of dynamic perturbations, with low frequency fluctuations over decades and years usually viewed as either long-term or quasi-equilibrium conditions (Beck 1996a). Therefore, any short-term perturbations, which force the equilibrium state above that low frequency oscillation, could be viewed as transient even if they are regular and predictable.…”

Section: Transient Episodes Provoked By In-stream Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variability of two contrasting transient pollution events in a pastoral stream

Yillia

Kreuzinger

Mwetu

2010

Water Science and Technology

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Two transient pollution events were monitored in a pastoral stream in southwestern Kenya to evaluate their relative contribution to diffuse pollution. Peak loads of pollutants during storm-induced transients were within 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than the short-lived (30-60 minutes) diurnal episodes provoked by in-stream activities of people and livestock. Transient yields were striking during storminduced events; 778,000, 8,400, 550 and 100 kg day(-1) for suspended solids, BOD(5), total P and total N, respectively, compared to wet weather base flow (150, 30, 0.8 and 1.4 kg day(-1), for the same parameters, respectively). Two forms of concentration-discharge relationships were observed: increases in concentration for turbidity, suspended solids, BOD(5), total P and the faecal indicator bacteria at the peak of the stream hydrograph, and concurrent decreases in concentration for conductivity and total N. Following each storm-induced transient event, a marked improvement in water quality was observed within 48-72 hrs of the receding limb of the stream hydrograph before the next base low was established. It was concluded that storm-induced transients are exceedingly important for the mobilization of pollutants from diffuse sources but both transient events affect stream-channel processes, especially water quality, with the possibility of attendant consequences on the health of riparian inhabitants.

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Section: Transient Episodes Provoked By In-stream Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal variability of two contrasting transient pollution events in a pastoral stream

Yillia

Kreuzinger

Mwetu

2010

Water Science and Technology

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Nutrient Dynamics During Flood Events in Tropical Catchments: A Case Study in Southern Vietnam

Nguyen

Meon

2014

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Assessing surface water quality variation as well as chasing water pollution sources is essential for water quality management. However, for existing conditions in developing countries, this assessment may not be done properly in many affected catchments due to limited data and lacking of tools. In particular, pollutant transport from the catchment to its river system during flood events needs quantification and is the aim of the study. For this, a combined water quality monitoring and modeling approach is proposed. The study was exemplarily performed for a typical ungauged medium scale catchment located in the southern area of Vietnam. The available budget allowed at least a limited monitoring of nutrients and driven parameters (e.g., flow, sediment). These data were used to, in total, successfully calibrate the complex Hydrological Simulation ProgramFortran (HSPF) model. The results lead to three main conclusions: (1) the contributions of point and diffuse sources to nutrient loadings could clearly be identified with the help of monitoring; (2) water quality sampling during flood events is critical to assess pollution sources, especially, diffuse ones. However, just a monitoring of data alone is not adequate to interpret the observed concentrations; modeling is required. (3) Despite of the limited amount of data, which could be recorded and processed during the study, a representative catchment modeling during floods could be performed. It delivered essential information for linking pollution sources with water quality data. Furthermore, the limits of an application of the complex HSPF model under given conditions were shown.

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Using clones and copper to resolve the genetic architecture of metal tolerance in a marine invader

McKenzie

Johnston

Brooks

2012

Ecology and Evolution

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The global spread of invasive species may be facilitated by adaptation to the practices that humans use to manage those species. For example, marine invertebrates that adapt to metal-based antifouling biocides on ship hulls may be more likely to be introduced to and establish in metal-polluted environments. We tested this idea by studying clonal variation in tolerance to, and ability to recover from, exposure to copper in a widespread invasive marine bryozoan, Watersipora subtorquata. We cloned colonies of this organism to independently test multiple environments in a genotype by environment design, and then created a genetic variance–covariance matrix. Genotypes were exposed to a gradient of copper concentrations and growth measured during exposure and after a recovery period. There was a significant genotype × environment interaction in growth during exposure and recovery. We found clonal variation in tolerance and ability to recover from exposure to copper, with growth during exposure apparently trading off against growth after exposure. A weak genetic correlation between growth during and after exposure further indicated that they are separate traits. Overall, the genetic variation within this population indicates that there is considerable potential for adaptation to copper, but this comes at a cost to growth in unpolluted environments.

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Transient pollution events: Acute risks to the aquatic environment

Cited by 34 publications

References 35 publications

Temporal variability of two contrasting transient pollution events in a pastoral stream

Temporal variability of two contrasting transient pollution events in a pastoral stream

Nutrient Dynamics During Flood Events in Tropical Catchments: A Case Study in Southern Vietnam

Using clones and copper to resolve the genetic architecture of metal tolerance in a marine invader

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