Transient overvoltage study of an Island wind farm

Malcolm, Newman; Aggarwal, R.K.

doi:10.1109/upec.2012.6398450

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Moreover, the capacitance (C b ) of lightning conductor segment is determined by calculating at first the surge impedance (Z Surgeb ) using the following relation [5,[32][33][34]: Hence, the capacitance (C b ) of lightning conductor segment is obtained by:…”

Section: Numerical Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The series inductance (

L_{b}

) of blade segment is calculated according to (3) [30, 31].

L_{b} = \frac{μ_{o} l_{s}}{4 π} [2 (\ln \frac{2 l_{s}}{r_{s}} - 1) + \frac{8 r_{s}}{π l_{s}} + {()(, \frac{r_{s}}{l_{s}})}^{2}]

Moreover, the capacitance (

C_{b}

) of lightning conductor segment is determined by calculating at first the surge impedance (

Z_{S u r g e b}

) using the following relation [5, 32–34]:

Z_{Surgeb} = 60 \ln ()(, \frac{2 l_{s}}{r_{s}}) = \sqrt{\frac{L_{b}}{C_{b}}}

Hence, the capacitance (

C_{b}

) of lightning conductor segment is obtained by:

C_{b} = \frac{L_{b}}{Z_{Surgeb}^{2}}

The values of resistance, inductance, and capacitance of each segment of blade are 0.002741 Ω, 0.07498 µH, and 1.184 PF, respectively.…”

Section: Numerical Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Assessment of wind turbine transient overvoltages when struck by lightning: experimental and analytical study

Zalhaf

Abdel‐Salam

Mansour

et al. 2019

IET Renewable Power Generation

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This paper is aimed at presenting a numerical method for calculating the transient overvoltage across a wind turbine (WT) struck by lightning. The resulting overvoltage is determined at different points along the WT body using the proposed numerical method. The lightning strike has been simulated by injecting a current impulse to the tested WT. The equivalent circuits of WT components and the mathematical formulas to evaluate the circuit's parameters are presented. This makes it possible to develop π-equivalent RLC networks representing the WT components to write the nodal equations at each discrete time instant. MATLAB software package is used to solve the nodal equations and determine the transient behaviour of the WT. In the laboratory, a high impulse voltage is applied on a small-scale WT to corroborate the proposed method. The calculated overvoltage temporal variations are in good agreement with those measured at different positions along the WT for various grounding resistance values, demonstrating the validity of the proposed method. Further validation is also made by comparing the present simulation with that using PSCAD/EMTDC software package. The overvoltage values increase with the rise of the grounding resistance value. The obtained results are useful for designing WT lightning protection systems.

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Section: Numerical Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The series inductance (

L_{b}

) of blade segment is calculated according to (3) [30, 31].

L_{b} = \frac{μ_{o} l_{s}}{4 π} [2 (\ln \frac{2 l_{s}}{r_{s}} - 1) + \frac{8 r_{s}}{π l_{s}} + {()(, \frac{r_{s}}{l_{s}})}^{2}]

Moreover, the capacitance (

C_{b}

) of lightning conductor segment is determined by calculating at first the surge impedance (

Z_{S u r g e b}

) using the following relation [5, 32–34]:

Z_{Surgeb} = 60 \ln ()(, \frac{2 l_{s}}{r_{s}}) = \sqrt{\frac{L_{b}}{C_{b}}}

Hence, the capacitance (

C_{b}

) of lightning conductor segment is obtained by:

C_{b} = \frac{L_{b}}{Z_{Surgeb}^{2}}

The values of resistance, inductance, and capacitance of each segment of blade are 0.002741 Ω, 0.07498 µH, and 1.184 PF, respectively.…”

Section: Numerical Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of wind turbine transient overvoltages when struck by lightning: experimental and analytical study

Zalhaf

Abdel‐Salam

Mansour

et al. 2019

IET Renewable Power Generation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The blade is the most expensive to maintain among the components of a wind turbine . The surge impedance of a blade can be calculated using according to Malcolm and Aggarwal

Z_{b} = 60 ln \frac{2 L_{b}}{r_{normalb}},

where Z b is the surge impedance of the blade, L b is the length of the blade, and r b is the equivalent radius of the blade.…”

Section: Parameters Of the Calculation Model And System Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The impedance, equivalent inductance, and equivalent resistance of the tower can be calculated by to according to previous studies

Z_{t} = 60 ln ((), \frac{\sqrt{2} H}{r_{eq}}),

L_{t} = \frac{μ_{0} H}{2 π} ((), ln \frac{2 H}{r_{eq}} - 1 - \frac{μ}{μ_{0}} ln c),

R_{t} = ρ \frac{H}{S},

where Z t is the surge impedance of the tower, L t is the equivalent inductance of the tower, R t is the equivalent resistance of the tower, μ 0 is the absolute permeability, μ is the relative permeability of media, c is the ratio of the inner and outer radii of the tower, ρ is the resistivity of the tower, and S is the conducting area of the tower.…”

Section: Parameters Of the Calculation Model And System Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and suppression measures of lightning transient overvoltage in the signal cable of wind turbines

Yang

Tao

et al. 2017

Wind Energy

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Lightning strikes are a major threat to the secure operation of wind turbines. When lightning strikes a wind turbine, the lightning current flows through the blade and the tower and then the induced overvoltage will damage sensors and signal cables. In this study, a comprehensive transient surge impedance model of a wind turbine was built to analyze the causes of the overvoltage in the signal cable. The model that studies the overvoltage caused by both capacitive coupling and electromagnetic induction included the blade, nacelle, tower, signal cable, power cable, and grounding system using π networks. The influences of the cable shielding layer, soil resistivity, and lightning current waveform on the overvoltage were also analyzed. Then, 2 overvoltage suppression measures, ie, grounding at 2 ends of the outer shielding layer and installation of a surge protective device, were tested. Results show that a signal cable with double shielding layers reduced the overvoltage in the signal cable, and higher soil resistivity resulted in increased voltage on the tower base. In addition, the peak and the front time of the lightning current significantly influenced the overvoltage on the tower and the cable. The effectiveness of the 2 suppression measures was also verified. The calculation results will provide guidance for a reasonable lightning protection design.

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Analysis on Surge Characteristics and Protection for Wind Turbines Based on ATP-EMTP Simulation

Li,

Huang,

Fei

et al. 2023

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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Transient overvoltage study of an Island wind farm

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Assessment of wind turbine transient overvoltages when struck by lightning: experimental and analytical study

Assessment of wind turbine transient overvoltages when struck by lightning: experimental and analytical study

Analysis and suppression measures of lightning transient overvoltage in the signal cable of wind turbines

Analysis on Surge Characteristics and Protection for Wind Turbines Based on ATP-EMTP Simulation

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