Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion with complete reperfusion in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Hill, Jeff W.; Nemoto, Edwin M.

doi:10.1016/j.mex.2014.11.001

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…Then the restoration of MCA blood flow was mainly from the ACA and PCA (from only the carotid artery contralateral and BA). The surgery procedure of the first method is more complex to perform and transection of the ECA may influence feeding behavior after MCAO [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do different reperfusion methods affect the outcomes of stroke induced by MCAO in adult rats?

Zuo

Deng

et al. 2015

International Journal of Neuroscience

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There are two patterns of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) models used in rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) I/R models, which differ in the use of unilateral or bilateral carotid artery reperfusion. The primary difference between the two patterns of I/R models is the complexity of the surgery procedure. However, researchers in this field have no idea whether there are any differences in outcomes of these two methods. In this study, we investigated the effects of the two methods on neurological deficits, infarct volume, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Through evaluating the current way of bilateral common carotid artery reperfusion, we tried to find whether it could be replaced by an easier way. We found that there were no statistical significant differences between the different methods in infarct volume, neurological deficits, BBB integrity, and the level of BDNF (P > 0.05). These data demonstrated that different methods did not affect the neurological deficits, infarct volume, BBB integrity, and the BDNF protein level, which provides reference when we use an experimental stroke. These results suggest that the two methods have similar capability for inducing cerebral I/R injury and can be interchanged.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do different reperfusion methods affect the outcomes of stroke induced by MCAO in adult rats?

Zuo

Deng

et al. 2015

International Journal of Neuroscience

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“…Transient occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery was performed using a minimally invasive approach developed by Hill and Nemoto ( 36 ). This approach offers advantages over the Longa method ( 37 ) as no arteries are severed and no sutures are left behind, which can cause adhesions and irritation in a region critical to oral motor function.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential impact of unilateral stroke on the bihemispheric motor cortex representation of the jaw and tongue muscles in young and aged rats

Cullins,

Connor

2024

Front. Neurol.

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IntroductionDysphagia commonly occurs after stroke, yet the mechanisms of post-stroke corticobulbar plasticity are not well understood. While cortical activity associated with swallowing actions is bihemispheric, prior research has suggested that plasticity of the intact cortex may drive recovery of swallowing after unilateral stroke. Age may be an important factor as it is an independent predictor of dysphagia after stroke and neuroplasticity may be reduced with age. Based on previous clinical studies, we hypothesized that cranial muscle activating volumes may be expanded in the intact hemisphere and would contribute to swallowing function. We also hypothesized that older age would be associated with limited map expansion and reduced function. As such, our goal was to determine the impact of stroke and age on corticobulbar plasticity by examining the jaw and tongue muscle activating volumes within the bilateral sensorimotor cortices.MethodsUsing the middle cerebral artery occlusion rat stroke model, intracortical microstimulation (ICMS) was used to map regions of sensorimotor cortex that activate tongue and jaw muscles in both hemispheres. Young adult (7 months) and aged (30 months) male F344 × BN rats underwent a stroke or sham-control surgery, followed by ICMS mapping 8 weeks later. Videofluoroscopy was used to assess oral-motor functions.ResultsIncreased activating volume of the sensorimotor cortex within the intact hemisphere was found only for jaw muscles, whereas significant stroke-related differences in tongue activating cortical volume were limited to the infarcted hemisphere. These stroke-related differences were correlated with infarct size, such that larger infarcts were associated with increased jaw representation in the intact hemisphere and decreased tongue representation in the infarcted hemisphere. We found that both age and stroke were independently associated with swallowing differences, weight loss, and increased corticomotor thresholds. Laterality of tongue and jaw representations in the sham-control group revealed variability between individuals and between muscles within individuals.ConclusionOur findings suggest the role of the intact and infarcted hemispheres in the recovery of oral motor function may differ between the tongue and jaw muscles, which may have important implications for rehabilitation, especially hemisphere-specific neuromodulatory approaches. This study addressed the natural course of recovery after stroke; future work should expand to focus on rehabilitation.

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“…We applied a modified surgical procedure of the standard method [26,27]. Briefly, rats were anesthetized with isoflurane in a mixture of 30% oxygen and 70% nitrous oxide.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Echinochrome A Attenuates Cerebral Ischemic Injury through Regulation of Cell Survival after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rat

et al. 2019

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Of late, researchers have taken interest in alternative medicines for the treatment of brain ischemic stroke, where full recovery is rarely seen despite advanced medical technologies. Due to its antioxidant activity, Echinochrome A (Ech A), a natural compound found in sea urchins, has acquired attention as an alternative clinical trial source for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The current study demonstrates considerable potential of Ech A as a medication for cerebral ischemic injury. To confirm the effects of Ech A on the recovery of the injured region and behavioral decline, Ech A was administered through the external carotid artery in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion model after reperfusion. The expression level of cell viability-related factors was also examined to confirm the mechanism of brain physiological restoration. Based on the results obtained, we propose that Ech A ameliorates the physiological deterioration by its antioxidant effect which plays a protective role against cell death, subsequent to post cerebral ischemic stroke.

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Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion with complete reperfusion in spontaneously hypertensive rats

Cited by 12 publications

References 9 publications

Do different reperfusion methods affect the outcomes of stroke induced by MCAO in adult rats?

Do different reperfusion methods affect the outcomes of stroke induced by MCAO in adult rats?

Differential impact of unilateral stroke on the bihemispheric motor cortex representation of the jaw and tongue muscles in young and aged rats

Echinochrome A Attenuates Cerebral Ischemic Injury through Regulation of Cell Survival after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rat

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