Transient losses in synchronizing renewable energy integrated power networks

Sjodin, Emma; Gayme, Dennice F.

doi:10.1109/acc.2014.6858992

Cited by 10 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Remark 4: While results in this paper are only valid for Kron-reduced networks of synchronous generators modeled by second-order swing equations, ongoing work [36] indicates that the main results presented in this paper extend to more general systems. That work employs an extended, structure-preserving network model with load dynamics and (19).…”

Section: B Systems Of Non-identical Generatorsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Therefore, while the "per-link" resistive losses are smaller in the former, it has many more links than the latter, and thus the total losses summed over all links are the same for both networks. While ongoing work [36] shows that the scaling relationships are retained in network-preserving model with load and asynchronous generator dynamics, an important future research question is to determine the extent to which these results can be extended to general power networks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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The Price of Synchrony: Evaluating the Resistive Losses in Synchronizing Power Networks

Tegling

Bamieh

Gayme

2015

IEEE Trans. Control Netw. Syst.

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129

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This paper investigates the resistive power losses that are incurred in keeping a network of synchronous generators in a synchronous state. These losses arise due to the transient power flow fluctuations that occur when the system is perturbed from a synchronous state by a small transient event or in the face of persistent stochastic disturbances. We term these losses the "price of synchrony", as they reflect the real power flow costs incurred in resynchronizing the system. In the case of small fluctuations at each generator node, we show how the total network's resistive losses can be quantified using an H2 norm of a linear system of coupled swing equations subject to distributed disturbances. This norm is shown to be a function of transmission line and generator properties, to scale unboundedly with network size, and to be weakly dependent on the network topology. This conclusion differentiates the price of synchrony from typical power systems stability notions, which show highly connected networks to be more coherent and thus easier to synchronize. In particular, the price of synchrony is more dependent on a network's size than its topology. We discuss possible implications of these results in terms of the design of future power grids, which are expected to have highly distributed generation resources leading to larger networks with the potential for greater transient losses.

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Section: B Systems Of Non-identical Generatorsmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

The Price of Synchrony: Evaluating the Resistive Losses in Synchronizing Power Networks

Tegling

Bamieh

Gayme

2015

IEEE Trans. Control Netw. Syst.

Self Cite

129

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“…VI]. A special case of this result has been proven by Sjödin and Gayme [13] and our proof is inspired by their method.…”

Section: A Gramian Computation For Non-minimal Realizationsmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The performance these networks can be quantified in terms of the robustness of the network to disturbances [10], the number of network interactions (e.g., communication costs) [11], the real power losses incurred in maintaining synchrony [12], [13], or the network coherence [14]- [16]. Many of these performance measures can be computed as an H 2 -norm of a linear system with an appropriately defined input/output pair.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…al [17], who characterized the robustness of a network of agents using an H 2 -norm that measured the aggregate dispersion of agents due to stochastic disturbances. The synchronization performance of a heterogeneous network of coupled first and second order dynamical systems has also been investigated using an H 2 -norm based measure of the interactions required to maintain synchronization in the face of disturbances [11], [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nodal performance measures for oscillator networks with local and global damping

Grunberg

Gayme

2015

2015 American Control Conference (ACC)

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This paper proposes and characterizes a pairwise performance measure for two arbitrary nodes in a network of coupled oscillators. The measure is based upon the steady state variance of the difference between the phases of the node pair due to network level disturbances. For two adjacent nodes this quantity corresponds to the total interactions over the edge connecting the nodes. When the two oscillators are not adjacent it is a measure of the coherence of the subnetwork defined by the two nodes. For the special case of two nodes connected by a single path our analytical results show that coherence in this subnetwork is independent of the nodes outside this path in first order networks and second order oscillator networks with global damping. However, computing the performance of oscillator networks with local damping requires the full network. These results allow one to isolate the performance of subsystems of interest or to evaluate the effect of changing the network topology of particular subsystems in, for example, large vehicle platoons, where local and global damping correspond to local and global velocity feedback.

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Comparative analysis of existing models for power-grid synchronization

2015

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The dynamics of power-grid networks is becoming an increasingly active area of research within the physics and network science communities. The results from such studies are typically insightful and illustrative, but are often based on simplifying assumptions that can be either difficult to assess or not fully justified for realistic applications. Here we perform a comprehensive comparative analysis of three leading models recently used to study synchronization dynamics in power-grid networks-a fundamental problem of practical significance given that frequency synchronization of all power generators in the same interconnection is a necessary condition for a power grid to operate. We show that each of these models can be derived from first principles within a common framework based on the classical model of a generator, thereby clarifying all assumptions involved. This framework allows us to view power grids as complex networks of coupled second-order phase oscillators with both forcing and damping terms. Using simple illustrative examples, test systems, and real power-grid datasets, we study the inherent frequencies of the oscillators as well as their coupling structure, comparing across the different models. We demonstrate, in particular, that if the network structure is not homogeneous, generators with identical parameters need to be modeled as non-identical oscillators in general. We also discuss an approach to estimate the required (dynamical) parameters that are unavailable in typical power-grid datasets, their use for computing the constants of each of the three models, and an open-source MATLAB toolbox that we provide for these computations (available at https://sourceforge.net/projects/pg-sync-models).

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Transient losses in synchronizing renewable energy integrated power networks

Cited by 10 publications

References 24 publications

The Price of Synchrony: Evaluating the Resistive Losses in Synchronizing Power Networks

The Price of Synchrony: Evaluating the Resistive Losses in Synchronizing Power Networks

Nodal performance measures for oscillator networks with local and global damping

Comparative analysis of existing models for power-grid synchronization

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