Transient haemodynamic events in neurologically compromised infants: A simultaneous EEG and diffuse optical imaging study

Neurovascular Interactions in the Neurologically Compromised Neonatal Brain

“…The neurovascular interactions during neonatal seizures do not follow the expected increase in HbO and decrease in HbR pattern that has been observed in previous functional studies in newborns [21][22][23] children and adults [24,25] , but similar large abnormal biphasic haemodynamic responses were previously reported by our group in 2011 [7] but in the absence of an electrographic correlate. Recently neurophysiological models of burst-suppression in animals and adults [8,26] have been reported.…”

“…Neurophysiologists rely on surges in electrical activity to mark seizure occurrence, which can be challenging in neonates, given such events are often unaccompanied by behavioural correlates [4][5]; as a result many seizures go unnoticed [6]. There is a paucity of data on the metabolic and haemodynamic changes associated with seizures [7].…”

Functional Brain Imaging Using Non-Invasive Non-Ionizing Methods: Towards Multimodal and Multiscale Imaging

“…Finally, fNIR is a less expensive and more easily administered than the gold standard fMRI, having also better temporal resolution and providing larger content information (both oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin data). Nevertheless, it is a not a clinically implemented technology yet with inferior spatial resolution and decreased signal-to-noise ratio compared to fMRI (Cooper et al, 2011). Since each of the non-ionizing non-invasive functional brain imaging techniques has different characteristics as described in the preceding section, in order to acquire the most valuable complementary data in terms of quality and quantity, benefiting from the advantages of the various techniques, combination of two or more techniques is expected (Shibasaki, 2008).…”

“…Due to technological progress, technical obstacles are constantly superimposed and concurrent fMRI-EEG studies are increasingly and successfully performed in a variety of recent studies (e.g. Horwitz and Poeppel, 2002;Sammer et al, 2005;Otte and Halsband, 2006;Stern, 2006;Horovitz et al, 2008;Shibasaki, 2008;Ritter andVillringer 2006, Mulert et al 2004;Cooper et al, 2009) including cognitive processing, epileptic and seizure activity in children and adults (Gotman, 2008;Vulliemoz et al, 2010;Cooper et al, 2011) and neurovascular coupling (e.g. Kruggel et al 2000, Goldman et al 2002, Gotman et al 2006Cooper et al, 2010).…”

“…fNIR and other optical methods such as diffuse optical imaging presents several advantages compared to fMRI which have been exploited in recent studies involving neonatals and infants (Cooper et al,2011, Telkemeyer et al, 2011Ancora et al, 2009). They are portable, compatible with EEG and relatively insensitive to movement artifacts and therefore suitable to be used on neonatals and infants.…”