Transient gestational exposure to drinking water containing excess hexavalent chromium modifies insulin signaling in liver and skeletal muscle of rat progeny

Hair, serum and urine chromium levels in children with cognitive defects: A systematic review and meta-analysis of case control studies

“…From animal models it was evident that chromium may eventually cause cell apoptosis and hypoxia, which may be linked to cognitive impairments (Clark et al, 2014). Some other studies have reported the function of chromium as an endocrine disruptor and thereby interfere with insulin and testosterone that play a role in brain development (Shobana et al, 2017;Tang et al, 2018). Whereas generally the elimination of chromium from plasma takes place rapidly (within hours), elimination from tissues occurs slowly.…”

Associations of Fine Particulate Matter Constituents with Metabolic Syndrome and the Mediating Role of Apolipoprotein B: A Multicenter Study in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese Adults

“…First, air pollution exposure, especially inhalation of PM 2.5 -containing metals, disrupts the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis by activating the afferent lung autonomic reflex. − The thyroid hormone is involved in regulating metabolic balance; thus, the abnormal secretion of thyroid hormone can increase the risk of MetS . Second, the imbalance of heavy metals (e.g., As) and trace elements (e.g., Cr, Se) may induce vasoactive molecule production, which can lead to insulin resistance and harmful vascular effects. − Third, air pollution may lead to abnormal DNA methylation levels of genes regulating BP, GLU, and lipid metabolism. ,, We found adverse effects of both Ca (element Ca) and Ca 2+ on MetS. Ca is one of the crustal elements, which exists in nature in the form of compounds and is converted into Ca 2+ when reacting with acids.…”

Unraveling Hypothalamus‐Pituitary dysregulation: Hypergonadotropism in F1 progeny due to prenatal exposure to hexavalent chromium

“…The endocrine disruptor hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a proven reproductive toxicant. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Occupational exposure or environmental contamination (soil and water) causes Cr toxicity in humans. [7] Environmental Cr concentrations have skyrocketed because of rapid industrialization.…”

“…[24] Cancer, dermatitis, asthma, chronic bronchitis, back pain, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, hemoglobin changes, chromosomal abrasions, DNA damage in lymphocytes, birth deficiencies, and reproductive abnormalities in both sexes are all linked to Cr(VI) exposure. [25] Excess Cr(VI) is detrimental to male reproductive function in a number of investigations, [1][2][3][4][5][26][27][28][29][30][31] including those undertaken in our own lab. Sertoli cells' (SCs) tight junction and spermatogenesis were disrupted in F1 rats exposed to Cr(VI) during gestation due to changes in sex steroids and gonadotropins.…”

“…Excess Cr(VI) is detrimental to male reproductive function in a number of investigations, [ 1–5,26–31 ] including those undertaken in our own lab. Sertoli cells’ (SCs) tight junction and spermatogenesis were disrupted in F1 rats exposed to Cr(VI) during gestation due to changes in sex steroids and gonadotropins.…”