Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions, Preliminary Results for Validity of TEOAEs Implemented on Mimosa Acoustics T2K Measurement System v3.1.3

Lapsley, Judi A; Boege, Paul; Marshall, Lynne; Jeng, Patricia S.

doi:10.21236/ada422279

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The chirp increased logarithmically in frequency over time. The stimulus and protocol are identical to that described in Marshall et al (2014) but with minor modifications to the bandpass filtering of the response (see Lapsley Miller et al 2004;Mimosa Acoustics 2007). The stimulus was calibrated regularly using a Brüel & Kjaer 2250 class 1 sound level meter with a 2-cc coupler.…”

Section: Part 2: the Relation Between Serum Prestin Levels And Otoaco...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of Serological Prestin Levels in Humans and its Relation to Otoacoustic Emissions, a Functional Measure of Outer Hair Cells

2021

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Objectives: Serological biomarkers, common to many areas of medicine, have the potential to inform on the health of the human body and to give early warning of risk of compromised function or illness before symptoms are experienced. Serological measurement of prestin, a motor protein uniquely produced and expressed in outer hair cells, has recently been identified as a potential biomarker to inform on the health of the cochlea. Before any test can be introduced into the clinical toolkit, the reproducibility of the measurement when repeated in the same subject must be considered. The primary objective of this study is to outline the test-retest reliability estimates and normative ranges for serological prestin in healthy young adults with normal hearing. In addition, we examine the relation between serum prestin levels and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) to compare this OHC-specific protein to the most common measure of OHC function currently used in hearing assessments. Design: We measured prestin levels serologically from circulating blood in 34 young adults (18 to 24 years old) with clinically normal pure-tone audiometric averages at five different timepoints up to six months apart (average intervals between measurements ranged from <1 week to 7 weeks apart). To guide future studies of clinical populations, we present the standard error of the measurement, reference normative values, and multiple measures of reliability. Additionally, we measured transient evoked OAEs at the same five timepoints and used correlation coefficients to examine the relation between OAEs and prestin levels (pg/mL). Results: Serum prestin levels demonstrated good to excellent reliability between and across the five different time points, with correlation coefficients and intraclass correlations >0.8. Across sessions, the average serum prestin level was 250.20 pg/mL, with a standard error of measurement of 7.28 pg/mL. Moreover, positive correlations (generally weak to moderate) were found between prestin levels and OAE magnitudes and signal-to-noise ratios. Conclusions: Findings characterize serum prestin in healthy young adults with normal hearing and provide initial normative data that may be critical to interpreting results from individuals with sensorineural hearing loss. Our results demonstrate reliability of serum prestin levels in a sample of normal-hearing young adults across five test sessions up to 6 months apart, paving the way for testing larger samples to more accurately estimate test-retest standards for clinical protocols, including those involving serial monitoring. The positive correlations between serum prestin and OAE levels, although weak to moderate, reinforce that the source of serum prestin is likely the outer hair cells in the inner ear, but also that serum prestin and OAEs each may also index aspects of biologic function not common to the other.

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Section: Part 2: the Relation Between Serum Prestin Levels And Otoaco...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of Serological Prestin Levels in Humans and its Relation to Otoacoustic Emissions, a Functional Measure of Outer Hair Cells

2021

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“…There are two modes for TEOAE testing: linear † and nonlinear, ‡ and various transient stimuli can be used, including clicks and chirps. In developing the current assay, linear-mode click TEOAEs were discounted because of stimulus artifact (Lapsley Miller et al 2004;Marshall et al 2014). In subsequent years, newer hardware showed fewer linear-mode stimulus artifacts.…”

Section: Teoae Stimulus Mode and Analysis Bandmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Clinically Viable Medial Olivocochlear Reflex Assay Using Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions

et al. 2023

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Objectives: The contralateral medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) strength may indicate various auditory conditions in humans, but a clinically viable assay and equipment are needed for quick, accurate, and reliable measurements. The first experiment compared an earlier version of the assay, which used a nonlinear-mode chirp stimulus, with a new assay using a linear-mode click stimulus, designed to give reliable MOCR measurements in most normal-hearing ears. The second experiment extended the improved assay on a purpose-built binaural hardware platform that used forward-pressure level (FPL) calibration for both the stimulus and the contralateral MOCR elicitor. Design: Transient-evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) tests were measured with and without a 60-dB SPL MOCR-evoking contralateral broadband noise. The normalized MOCR strength (MOCR%) was derived from the TEOAE responses for each trial pair using the complex pressure difference weighted by the TEOAE magnitude. Experiment 1 compared MOCR% within-subject and across-day using two TEOAE stimuli: nonlinear-mode chirps (50 dB SPL, bandpass 1–5 kHz, 14 ms window delayed by 2 ms) and linear-mode clicks (50 dB SPL, bandpass 0.5–2.5 kHz, 13 ms window delayed by 5 ms). TEOAE responses were analyzed in the 0.5 to 2.5 kHz band. Thirty adult participants with normal hearing (30 ears) completed the study. The TEOAE stimulus was calibrated in situ using spectral flattening, and the contralateral noise was calibrated in a coupler. Twelve TEOAE trial pairs were collected for each participant and condition. Experiment 2 used a purpose-built binaural system. The TEOAE stimuli were linear-mode clicks (50 dB SPL, bandpass 1–3 kHz, 13 ms window delayed by 5 ms), analyzed in the 1 to 3 kHz band over ~12 trial pairs. After a probe refit, an additional trial pair was collected for the two early-stopping signal-to-noise ratio criteria (15 and 20 dB). They were evaluated for single-trial reliability and test time. Nineteen adult participants with normal hearing (38 ears) completed the study. The TEOAE clicks and contralateral elicitor noise were calibrated in situ using FPL and delivered with automated timing. Results: MOCR% for linear-mode clicks was distinguishable from measurement variability in 98% to 100% of participants’ ears (both experiments), compared with only 73% for the nonlinear-mode chirp (experiment 1). MOCR detectability was assessed using the MOCR% across-subject/within-subject variance ratio. The ratio in experiment 1 for linear-mode clicks was higher (8.0) than for nonlinear-mode chirps (6.4). The ratio for linear-mode clicks (8.9) in experiment 2 was slightly higher than for the comparable linear-mode stimulus (8.0) in experiment 1. TEOAEs showed excellent reliability with high signal-to-noise ratios in both experiments, but reliability was higher for linear-mode clicks than nonlinear-mode chirps. MOCR reliability for the two stimuli was comparable. The FPL pressure response retest reliability derived from the SPL at the microphone was higher than the SPL retest reliability across 0.4 to 8 kHz. Stable results required 2 to 3 trial pairs for the linear-mode click (experiments 1 and 2) and three for the nonlinear-mode chirp (experiment 1), taking around 2 min on average. Conclusions: The linear-mode click assay produced measurable, reliable, and stable TEOAE and MOCR results on both hardware platforms in around 2 min per ear. The stimulus design and response window ensured that any stimulus artifact in linear mode was unlikely to confound the results. The refined assay is ready to produce high-quality data quickly for clinical and field studies to develop population norms, recognize diagnostic patterns, and determine risk profiles.

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Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions, Preliminary Results for Validity of TEOAEs Implemented on Mimosa Acoustics T2K Measurement System v3.1.3

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Reliability of Serological Prestin Levels in Humans and its Relation to Otoacoustic Emissions, a Functional Measure of Outer Hair Cells

Reliability of Serological Prestin Levels in Humans and its Relation to Otoacoustic Emissions, a Functional Measure of Outer Hair Cells

A Clinically Viable Medial Olivocochlear Reflex Assay Using Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions

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