Transient Drive Cycle Modeling of Supercharged Powertrains for Medium and Heavy Duty On-Highway Diesel Applications

Birckett, Aaron; Tomazic, Dean; Bowyer, Stephen; Bevan, Karen E.; Wetzel, Philip; Keidel, Sean; Biller, Brandon

doi:10.4271/2012-01-1962

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In the meantime, due to the faster transient behaviour, an optimized transmission gear ratio or shifting strategy could be implemented, achieving down-speeding in order to improve fuel efficiency, shifting frequency and driveability. 33–35…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental analysis of the V-Charge variable drive supercharger system on a 1.0 L GTDI engine

Akehurst

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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A compound charging system that pairs a turbocharger with a supercharger seems to be a potential trend for future passenger car gasoline engines, as the strength of both could be enhanced and the deficiencies of each could be offset. The use of a fixed-ratio positive-displacement supercharger system on a downsized turbocharged gasoline engine has already appeared on the market. Although such systems can achieve enhanced low-end torque and improved transient response, several challenges still exist. An alternative solution to the fixed-ratio positive-displacement supercharger is the V-Charge variable ratio centrifugal supercharger. This technology utilizes a Torotrak continuously variable transmission (CVT) coupled to a centrifugal compressor for near silent boosting. With a wide ratio spread of 10:1 and rapid rate of ratio change, the compressor speed can be set independently of the engine speed to provide an exact boost pressure for the required operating points, without the need to recirculate the air through a bypass valve. A clutch and an active bypass valve can also be eliminated, due to the CVT capability to down-speed, thus improving the noise vibration and harshness performance. This paper will, for the first time, present and discuss the V-Charge technology optimization and experimental validation on a 1.0 L GTDI engine to achieve a better brake specific fuel consumption and transient response over the turbo-only and the fixed-ratio positive-displacement supercharger solution. The potential for the V-Charge system to increase the low-end torque and enable a down-speeding strategy is also discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental analysis of the V-Charge variable drive supercharger system on a 1.0 L GTDI engine

Akehurst

et al. 2017

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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“…This is a backward-looking method directly imposing the driving-cycle speed to back calculate the engine speed and the load using the aerodynamic rolling resistance and the road characteristics without considering the transient differences in the charge-air-handling systems. 108,109 The instantaneous engine speed and the load are used for look-up tables in speed–load-dependent engine maps to calculate the instantaneous rates of fuel consumption, the emissions, etc. In addition, since the engine speed and the torque are directly calculated, these may not reflect the driver’s perception of the vehicle performance.…”

Section: Modelling Methodologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observations on and potential trends for mechanically supercharging a downsized passenger car engine:a review

Turner

Akehurst

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Engine downsizing is a proven approach for achieving a superior fuel efficiency. It is conventionally achieved by reducing the swept volume of the engine and by employing some means of increasing the specific output to achieve the desired installed engine power, usually in the form of an exhaust-driven turbocharger. However, because of the perceptible time needed for the turbocharger system to generate the required boost pressure, a characteristic of turbocharged engines is their degraded driveability in comparison with those of their naturally aspirated counterparts. Mechanical supercharging refers to the technology that compresses the intake air using the energy taken directly from the engine crankshaft. It is anticipated that engine downsizing which is realised either solely by a supercharger or by a combination of a supercharger and a turbocharger will enhance a vehicle's driveability without significantly compromising the fuel consumption at an engine level compared with the downsizing by turbocharging. The capability of the supercharger system to eliminate the high exhaust back pressure, to reduce the pulsation interference and to mitigate the surge issue of a turbocharged engine in a compound-charging system offsets some of the fuel consumption penalty incurred in driving the supercharger. This, combined with an optimised down-speeding strategy, can further improve the fuel efficiency performance of a downsized engine while still enhancing its driveability and performance at a vehicle level. This paper first reviews the fundamentals and the types of supercharger that are currently used, or have been used, in passenger car engines. Next, the relationships between the downsizing, the driveability and the down-speeding are introduced to identify the improved synergies between the engine and the boosting machine. Then, mass production and prototype downsized supercharged passenger car engines are briefly described, followed by a detailed review of the current stateof-the-art supercharging technologies that are in production as opposed to the approaches that are currently only being investigated at a research level. Finally, the trends for mechanically supercharging a passenger car engine are discussed, with the aim of identifying potential development directions for the future. Enhancement of the low-end torque, improvement in the transient driveability and reduction in low-load parasitic losses are the three main development directions for a supercharger system, among which the adoption of a continuously variable transmission to decouple the supercharger speed from the engine speed, improvement of the compressor isentropic and volumetric efficiency and innovation of the supercharger mechanism seem to be the potential trend for mechanically supercharging a passenger car engine.

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“…Air injection includes using an external air source (e.g., vehicle air tank) to inject high pressure air via short bursts into the intake manifold or injecting hot exhaust gas (e.g., via a burner that consumes fuel) into the exhaust manifold to speed up the turbine. Mechanical or electrical supercharging (Cantore et al, 2001;Ueda et al, 2001;VanDyne and Wagner, 2008;Birckett et al, 2012) is usually the most effective measure for transient no x and soot controls, fast transient load response assist, and reducing transient fuel consumption, but at the price of increased hardware cost. The slight transient fuel consumption reduction is believed due to higher air-fuel ratio and the associated improved combustion and reduced pumping loss during transients.…”

Section: Mechanical and Electrical Supercharging Systems For Improvedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving the environmental performance of heavy-duty vehicles and engines: particular technologies

Xin

Pinzon

2014

Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance

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Transient Drive Cycle Modeling of Supercharged Powertrains for Medium and Heavy Duty On-Highway Diesel Applications

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Experimental analysis of the V-Charge variable drive supercharger system on a 1.0 L GTDI engine

Experimental analysis of the V-Charge variable drive supercharger system on a 1.0 L GTDI engine

Observations on and potential trends for mechanically supercharging a downsized passenger car engine:a review

Improving the environmental performance of heavy-duty vehicles and engines: particular technologies

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