Transient changes in serum renalase concentration during long-distance running: The case of an amateur runner under continuous training

Yoshida, Yasuko; Sugasawa, Takehito; Hoshino, Masaya; Tokinoya, Katsuyuki; Ishikura, Keisuke; Ohmori, Hitoshi; Takekoshi, Kazuhiro

doi:10.7600/jpfsm.6.159

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The decreased expression of renalase in the kidney observed in this study is consistent with observations in previous studies [11,12]. Blood flow in the kidney was limited because of the prioritization of flow to skeletal muscles during exercise.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Our study design involved longer exercise durations than the previous study [11], and exercise was performed at a moderate intensity to ensure the release of catecholamines. We consequently showed that the levels of renalase in the blood increased significantly, which was similar to observations in human subjects [12]. We also investigated exercise‐induced variability in renalase mRNA contents in the visceral organs and skeletal muscles.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Exercise affects the expression of renalase [11‐13]. Our previous reports showed that the serum renalase concentration significantly increased after long‐distance running at a moderate velocity in humans [12]. In addition, a negative correlation was observed between the concentration of renalase in the blood and renal function.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Moderate‐intensity exercise increases renalase levels in the blood and skeletal muscle of rats

et al. 2020

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Renalase is predominantly expressed in the kidney, where it plays a role in catecholamine metabolism and blood pressure regulation. Moderate‐intensity exercise (MEX) has been shown to increase the concentration of renalase in the blood and to reduce renal function in humans. Moreover, such exercise was also reported to increase catecholamine levels. Here, we examined renalase concentration in the blood and renalase expression levels in different organs after MEX in rats. Twelve male Wistar rats were made to run on a treadmill (MEX group) for 60 min at 20 m·min−1, after resting for 15 min. The control group rats were euthanized after resting on the treadmill. Tissue and blood samples were analyzed using western blotting, real‐time RT‐PCR and ELISA. Overall, the concentrations of renalase in the blood were significantly higher in the MEX group than that in the control group. Renalase expression was decreased in the kidney after 60 min of exercise, whereas the expression of renalase mRNA and protein in the extensor digitorum longus and plantaris muscles, respectively, increased after exercise. However, the expression of renalase in the other tissues examined did not change after acute exercise. In conclusion, we report that MEX for 60 min increases both renalase concentration in the blood and its expression in skeletal muscle.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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Moderate‐intensity exercise increases renalase levels in the blood and skeletal muscle of rats

et al. 2020

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“…Due to blood pressure increasing with salt intake, the renalase levels that breaks down catecholamines, may also be reduced [ 30 , 31 , 32 ]. For the relationship between renalase and skeletal muscle, exercise load increased blood levels of renalase, independent of renal secretion, and increased gene expression of renalase in skeletal muscles [ 33 , 34 , 35 ]. In a study based on disuse atrophy, there was a study that showed muscle proteolysis decreased and muscle mass increased in renalase knockout mice [ 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Salt Diet Impacts the Risk of Sarcopenia Associated with Reduction of Skeletal Muscle Performance in the Japanese Population

et al. 2020

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The World Health Organization has recommended 5 g/day as dietary reference intakes for salt. In Japan, the averages for men and women were 11.0 g/day and 9.3 g/day, respectively. Recently, it was reported that amounts of sodium accumulation in skeletal muscles of older people were significantly higher than those in younger people. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the risk of sarcopenia with decreased muscle mass and strength was related to the amount of salt intake. In addition, we investigated its involvement with renalase. Four groups based on age and salt intake (“younger low-salt,” “younger high-salt,” “older low-salt,” and “older high-salt”) were compared. Stratifying by age category, body fat percentage significantly increased in high-salt groups in both younger and older people. Handgrip strength/body weight and chair rise tests of the older high-salt group showed significant reduction compared to the older low-salt group. However, there was no significant difference in renalase concentrations in plasma. The results suggest that high-salt intake may lead to fat accumulation and muscle weakness associated with sarcopenia. Therefore, efforts to reduce salt intake may prevent sarcopenia.

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“…Its expression has been identified in other tissues, including skeletal muscles, cardiomyocytes, and intestines despite high expression in the kidneys [9]. In previous studies, renalase concentration in blood was shown to be increased in hypertensive patients and after exercise [1,10,11]. In addition, renalase knockout mice had higher catecholamine levels compared to wild-type mice [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression level of renalase in the skeletal muscles is increased with high-intensity exercise training in mice on a high-fat diet

Tokinoya

Ono

Aoki

et al. 2021

PhysInt

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IntroductionExercise training is beneficial for reducing obesity. In particular, exercise training can lower the catecholamine concentration in circulation. Renalase, whose expression was first confirmed in the kidneys, is a physiologically active substance that decomposes circulating catecholamines; additionally, it has been reported to be present in the skeletal muscles. The aim of this study was to clarify the expression of renalase in the skeletal muscles and kidneys after high-intensity exercise training in obese mice.Material and methodsThe mice were divided into four groups: normal diet and sedentary, normal diet and exercise training, high-fat diet and sedentary, and high-fat diet and exercise training, and the test was performed for 8 weeks.ResultsBody weight and skeletal muscle wet weight were reduced by high-fat diet intake but were rescued by training. Skeletal muscle renalase gene expression was significantly increased by exercise training. However, in the kidneys the gene expression of renalase was significantly increased by high-fat diet intake and exercise training. No significant changes were observed in the gene expression of catecholamine-degrading enzymes, catechol-O-methyltransferase and monoamine oxidase A and B.ConclusionWe demonstrated that exercise training increased the gene expression of renalase in the skeletal muscles and kidneys, thus lowering circulating catecholamine levels. This may lead to amelioration of obesity as catecholamines are lipolytic.

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Transient changes in serum renalase concentration during long-distance running: The case of an amateur runner under continuous training

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Moderate‐intensity exercise increases renalase levels in the blood and skeletal muscle of rats

Moderate‐intensity exercise increases renalase levels in the blood and skeletal muscle of rats

High Salt Diet Impacts the Risk of Sarcopenia Associated with Reduction of Skeletal Muscle Performance in the Japanese Population

Gene expression level of renalase in the skeletal muscles is increased with high-intensity exercise training in mice on a high-fat diet

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