Transient, Biocompatible Electronics and Energy Harvesters Based on ZnO

Dağdeviren, Canan; Hwang, Suk Won; Su, Yewang; Stanley, Kim; Cheng, Huanyu; Gur, Onur; Haney, Ryan; Omenetto, Fiorenzo G.; Huang, Yonggang; Li, Jinghua

doi:10.1002/smll.201300146

Cited by 355 publications

(358 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…This value can be improved by decreasing the thicknesses and Young's moduli of the electrodes and PI encapsulation layer and/or by increasing the area coverage of the PZT. Reductions in viscoelastic dissipation of the substrate can also be helpful (19). [We note that alternative metrics for efficiency (13) lead to much higher values than those reported above.]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

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Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm

Dağdeviren

Yang

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Here, we report advanced materials and devices that enable highefficiency mechanical-to-electrical energy conversion from the natural contractile and relaxation motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm, demonstrated in several different animal models, each of which has organs with sizes that approach human scales. A cointegrated collection of such energy-harvesting elements with rectifiers and microbatteries provides an entire flexible system, capable of viable integration with the beating heart via medical sutures and operation with efficiencies of ∼2%. Additional experiments, computational models, and results in multilayer configurations capture the key behaviors, illuminate essential design aspects, and offer sufficient power outputs for operation of pacemakers, with or without battery assist.biomedical implants | flexible electronics | transfer printing | wearable electronics | heterogeneous integration N early all classes of active wearable and implantable biomedical devices rely on some form of battery power for operation. Heart rate monitors, pacemakers, implantable cardioverterdefibrillators, and neural stimulators together represent a broad subset of bioelectronic devices that provide continuous diagnostics and therapy in this mode. Although advances in battery technology have led to substantial reductions in overall sizes and increases in storage capacities, operational lifetimes remain limited, rarely exceeding a few days for wearable devices and a few years for implants. Surgical procedures to replace the depleted batteries of implantable devices are thus essential, exposing patients to health risks, heightened morbidity, and even potential mortality. The health burden and costs are substantial, and thus motivate efforts to eliminate batteries altogether, or to extend their lifetimes in a significant way.Investigations into energy-harvesting strategies to replace batteries demonstrate several unusual ways to extract power from chemical, mechanical, electrical, and thermal processes in the human body (1, 2). Examples include use of glucose oxidation (3), electric potentials of the inner ear (4), mechanical movements of limbs, and natural vibrations of internal organs (5-7). Such phenomena provide promising opportunities for power supply to wearable and implantable devices (6-8). A recent example involves a hybrid kinetic device integrated with the heart for applications with pacemakers (7). More speculative approaches, based on analytical models of harvesting from pressure-driven deformations of an artery by magneto-hydrodynamics, also exist (9).Cardiac and lung motions, in particular, serve as inexhaustible sources of energy during the lifespan of a patient. Mechanicalto-electrical transduction mechanisms in piezoelectric materials offer viable routes to energy harvesting in such cases, as demonstrated and analyzed by several groups recently (10-17). For example, proposals exist for devices that convert heartbeat vibrations into electrical energy using resonantly coupled motions of thick (1-2 mm) pi...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The total mechanical work is the product of the number of cycles for the battery voltage to saturate (e.g., 7,500 from Fig. 2F for ΔL max = 10 mm) and work done (19) in each cycle R ΔLmax 0 FdΔL, where F = 4π 2 w PI EI PI =L 2 is the bucking force (SI Appendix, Fig. S6A), and w PI = 2 cm is the width.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm

Dağdeviren

Yang

et al. 2014

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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738

603

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“…Recent studies show the ability to build PZT-based piezoelectric systems for uses ranging from the measurement of deformations of neuronal cells 15 to harvesting of electrical power from motions of the heart, lung and diaphragm 16 . Alternative options include barium titanate 17 , zinc oxide 18,19 and other inorganics in nanostructured forms.…”

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confidence: 99%

Conformable amplified lead zirconate titanate sensors with enhanced piezoelectric response for cutaneous pressure monitoring

et al. 2014

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The ability to measure subtle changes in arterial pressure using devices mounted on the skin can be valuable for monitoring vital signs in emergency care, detecting the early onset of cardiovascular disease and continuously assessing health status. Conventional technologies are well suited for use in traditional clinical settings, but cannot be easily adapted for sustained use during daily activities. Here we introduce a conformal device that avoids these limitations. Ultrathin inorganic piezoelectric and semiconductor materials on elastomer substrates enable amplified, low hysteresis measurements of pressure on the skin, with high levels of sensitivity (B0.005 Pa) and fast response times (B0.1 ms). Experimental and theoretical studies reveal enhanced piezoelectric responses in lead zirconate titanate that follow from integration on soft supports as well as engineering behaviours of the associated devices. Calibrated measurements of pressure variations of blood flow in near-surface arteries demonstrate capabilities for measuring radial artery augmentation index and pulse pressure velocity.

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“…ZnO NWs have a piezoelectric constant ranging from 1 to 75 pm/V (Lee et al, 2012) depending on their morphology. Meanwhile, ZnO Nanobelts (NBs) have bigger d 33 (14.3-26.7 pm/V) than that of ZnO Thin Films (TFs) synthesized by sputtering deposition (14 pm/V) (Dagdeviren et al, 2013). However, the ZnO TFs deposited onto a Si substrate by pulsed laser ablation has a high piezoelectric constant of 49.7 pm/V (Qin et al, 2016a;2016b) because it exhibited a preferred c-axis orientation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple Fabrication and Characterization of Piezoelectric Nanogenerators from Cobalt-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanofibers

Suyitno

Hadi

Sahdan

et al. 2017

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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The ferromagnetic cobalt doped into Zinc Oxide (ZnO) crystals is a promising method for enhancing the performance of PiezoelectricBased Nano Generators (PENGs). The study reports the characterization and testing PENGs which simply fabricated from cobalt-doped ZnO nanofibers (NFs) synthesized by electro spinning machine. The electro spinning processes were conducted at a flow rate of 4 µL/min and at various cobalt concentrations followed by sintering at a temperature of 500°C. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) spectra demonstrate that the crystalline diameter of Co-doped ZnO NFs increased as the content of cobalt increased, up to a concentration of 9%. Meanwhile, the maximum output voltage and power density of PENGs with Co-doped ZnO NFs were 221.6 mV and 148.8 nW/cm 2 , respectively when the PENGs were subjected to a cyclic mechanical load of 0.5 kg. Therefore, PENGs fabricated from Co-doped ZnO NFs are challenging for the next generation of self-powered devices.

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Transient, Biocompatible Electronics and Energy Harvesters Based on ZnO

Cited by 355 publications

References 46 publications

Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm

Conformal piezoelectric energy harvesting and storage from motions of the heart, lung, and diaphragm

Conformable amplified lead zirconate titanate sensors with enhanced piezoelectric response for cutaneous pressure monitoring

Simple Fabrication and Characterization of Piezoelectric Nanogenerators from Cobalt-Doped Zinc Oxide Nanofibers

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