Transgenic Silkworms Overexpressing Relish and Expressing Drosomycin Confer Enhanced Immunity to Multiple Pathogens

Yashwant, Rasalkar Sandhya; Thomas, Dyna Susan; Manoharan, Chitra; Roy, Gourab; Vijayan, K.; Mishra, Rakesh; Nongthomba, Upendra; Gopalapillai, Ravikumar

doi:10.1007/s12033-021-00438-0

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, the knockdown of BmHEXIM1 did not affect BmRelish-driven immune responses and may inhibit BmNPV proliferation by other molecular mechanisms, which needs further investigation. It is worth mentioning that the involvement of antimicrobial peptides in the regulation of an antiviral response has also recently been reported [46,47], especially BmcecA and BmcecB, which are regulated by BmRelish, played an important role in anti-BmNPV [48]. In addition, HMBA was an inducer of BmHEXIM1, and promoted BmNPV proliferation by repressing NF-κB-driven immune responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Overexpression Bombyx mori HEXIM1 Facilitates Immune Escape of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus by Suppressing BmRelish-Driven Immune Responses

Chen

Kong

et al. 2022

Viruses

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Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV), a typical arthropod-specific enveloped DNA virus, is one of the most serious pathogens in silkworm farming, but the potential mechanisms of the evasion of innate immune responses from BmNPV infection are still poorly understood. HEXIM1 is an RNA-binding protein, best known as an inhibitor of positive transcription elongation factor b (P-TEFb), which controls transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II. In this study, Bombyx mori HEXIM1 (BmHEXIM1) was cloned and characterized, and its expression was found to be remarkably upregulated after BmNPV infection. Furthermore, BmHEXIM1 was detected to increase the proliferation of BmNPV, and its full length is essential for assisting BmNPV immune escape by suppressing BmRelish-driven immune responses. This study brought new insights into the mechanisms of immune escape of BmNPV and provided theoretical guidance for the breeding of BmNPV-resistant silkworm varieties.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Overexpression Bombyx mori HEXIM1 Facilitates Immune Escape of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus by Suppressing BmRelish-Driven Immune Responses

Chen

Kong

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…Thus, overexpression of Relish 1 in transgenic silkworms resulted in the upregulation of several defense-related genes such as Cecropin B, and showed increased resistance to Nosema bombycis, BmNPV, and bacteria. 44…”

Section: Overexpression Of An Endogenous Antiviral Genementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relish 1 and Relish 2 genes have been identified in insects and Relish 1 found to be more active in B. mori compared with Relish 2 . Thus, overexpression of Relish 1 in transgenic silkworms resulted in the upregulation of several defense‐related genes such as Cecropin B , and showed increased resistance to Nosema bombycis , BmNPV, and bacteria 44 …”

Section: The Application Of Strategies In Silkworm Disease Resistance...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Common strategies in silkworm disease resistance breeding research

Dong

Pan

2023

Pest Management Science

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The silkworm, which is considered a model invertebrate organism, was the first insect used for silk production in human history and has been utilized extensively throughout its domestication. However, sericulture has been plagued by various pathogens that have caused significant economic losses. To enhance the resistance of a host to its pathogens,numerous strategies have been developed. For instance, gene-editing techniques have been applied to a wide range of organisms, effectively solving a variety of experimental problems. This review focuses on several common silkworm pests and their pathogenic mechanisms, with a particular emphasis on breeding for disease resistance to control multiple types of silkworm diseases. The review also compares the advantages and disadvantages of transgenic technology and gene-editing systems. Finally, the paper provides a brief summary of current strategies used in breeding silkworm disease resistance, along with a discussion of the establishment of existing technologies and their future application prospects.

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“…Through an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity in D. melanogaster, diptericin may "scavenge" or trap free radical anions as well as reduce oxygen toxicity (111). Drosomycin is a 44-residue antifungal peptide that was originally isolated from D. melanogaster exposed to microorganisms (112). It has been observed to be secreted from insect's fat body into the hemolymph.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Peptides Of Insect Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding RNAs

Mahanta,

Bhoi,

Komal

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Multicellular organisms are constantly subjected to pathogens that might be harmful. Although insects lack an adaptive immune system, they possess highly effective anti-infective mechanisms. Bacterial phagocytosis and parasite encapsulation are some forms of cellular responses. Insects often defend themselves against infections through a humoral response. This phenomenon includes the secretion of antimicrobial peptides into the hemolymph. Specific receptors for detecting infection are required for the recognition of foreign pathogens such as the proteins that recognize glucans and peptidoglycans, together referred to as PGRPs and βGRPs. Activation of these receptors leads to the stimulation of signaling pathways which further activates the genes encoding for antimicrobial peptides. Some instances of such pathways are the JAK-STAT, Imd, and Toll. The host immune response that frequently accompanies infections has, however, been circumvented by diseases, which may have assisted insects evolve their own complicated immune systems. The role of ncRNAs in insect immunology has been discussed in several notable studies and reviews. This paper examines the most recent research on the immune regulatory function of ncRNAs during insect-pathogen crosstalk, including insect- and pathogen-encoded miRNAs and lncRNAs, and provides an overview of the important insect signaling pathways and effector mechanisms activated by diverse pathogen invaders.

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Transgenic Silkworms Overexpressing Relish and Expressing Drosomycin Confer Enhanced Immunity to Multiple Pathogens

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

Overexpression Bombyx mori HEXIM1 Facilitates Immune Escape of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus by Suppressing BmRelish-Driven Immune Responses

Overexpression Bombyx mori HEXIM1 Facilitates Immune Escape of Bombyx mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus by Suppressing BmRelish-Driven Immune Responses

Common strategies in silkworm disease resistance breeding research

Insect-pathogen crosstalk and the cellular-molecular mechanisms of insect immunity: uncovering the underlying signaling pathways and immune regulatory function of non-coding RNAs

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