Transgenic Eimeria magna Pérard, 1925 Displays Similar Parasitological Properties to the Wild-type Strain and Induces an Exogenous Protein-Specific Immune Response in Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)

Tao, Geru; Shi, Tuanyuan; Tang, Xinming; Duszynski, Donald W.; Wang, Yunzhou; Li, Chao; Suo, Jingxia; Tian, Xiaohong; Liu, Xianyong; Suo, Xun

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00002

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…For the parasitism in the lower part of the intestine such as cecum, it is convenient to operate the transfection via the rectum inoculation [ 8 , 9 ]. For the upper intestine, the most effective method is to inject to the parasitic site by surgery, which is also feasible when stomach acid is neutralized with sodium bicarbonate [ 8 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. E. acervulina parasitizes in the duodenum of the chicken, so the inoculation route via the cloaca applied to E. tenella and E. mitis was not feasible in E. acervulina .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of Recombinant Eimeria acervulina Expressing Multi-Copies M2e Derived from Avian Influenza Virus H9N2

et al. 2021

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The potential of Eimeria parasites as live vaccine vectors has been reported with successful genetic manipulation on several species like E. tenella, E. mitis and E. necatrix. Among seven Eimeria species infecting chickens, E. acervulina is a highly prevalent, moderately pathogenic species. Thus, it is valuable for the study of transfection and for use as a potential as vaccine vector. In this study, a plasmid containing expression cassette with enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP), red fluorescent protein (RFP) and 12 copies of extracellular domain of H9N2 avian influenza virus M2 (M2e) protein was used for the transfection. Nucleofected sporozoites were inoculated into birds through wing vein. Recombinant E. acervulina oocysts with 0.1% EYFP+ and RFP+ populations were collected from the feces of the inoculated birds. The fluorescent rate of transgenic parasites reached over 95% after nine successive propagations with a pyrimethamine selection in vivo and fluorescent-activated cell sorting (FACS) of progeny oocysts. The expression of M2e in the transgenic parasites (EaM2e) was confirmed by Western blot and its cytoplasm localization in sporozoites was displayed by an indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA). Meanwhile, we found that the fecundity of EaM2e was equivalent to that of wild type E. acervulina (EaWT). Taken together, the stable transfection of E. acervulina was successfully established. Future studies will focus on whether transgenic E. acervulina can serve as a live vaccine vector.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of Recombinant Eimeria acervulina Expressing Multi-Copies M2e Derived from Avian Influenza Virus H9N2

et al. 2021

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“…Genetic manipulation to improve the safety and efficacy of anticoccidiosis vaccines have been extensively studied in recent years (28)(29)(30)(31). Enhancing the immunogenicity of live oocyst formulations via expressing molecular adjuvants is one of the most active and promising attempts (29,30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgenic Eimeria tenella Expressing Profilin of Eimeria maxima Elicits Enhanced Protective Immunity and Alters Gut Microbiome of Chickens

Tang

Suo

et al. 2018

Infect Immun

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Coccidiosis is one of the most serious diseases of livestock and birds in the world. Vaccination with live-parasite anticoccidial vaccines with genetic manipulation improving the immunogenicity of vaccine strains would be the best means for controlling coccidiosis in breeder and layer stocks, even in fast-growing broilers. Profilin from apicomplexan parasites is the first molecularly defined ligand for Toll-like receptor 11 (TLR11) and TLR12 in mice and is a potential molecular adjuvant. Here, we constructed a transgenic line (Et-EmPro) expressing the profilin of, the most immunogenic species of chicken coccidia, and evaluated the adjuvant effects of EmPro on the immunogenicity of We found that immunization with the transgenic parasites, compared with the wild type, elicited greater parasite antigen-specific cell-mediated immunity, characterized by increased numbers of interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-secreting lymphocytes. The transgenic parasite also induced better protective immunity against challenge than the wild type. In addition, the diversity of the fecal microbiome of the birds immunized with the transgenic parasite differed from that of the microbiome of the wild-type-immunized birds, indicating interactions of with the gut microbiome of chickens. Our results showing enhanced immunogenicity of by use of EmPro as a molecular adjuvant derived from the most immunogenic affinis species represent a large step forward in the development of the next generation of coccidiosis vaccines using as a vaccine platform expressing molecular adjuvants and potentially other pathogen antigens against not only coccidiosis but also other infectious diseases.

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“…The aged gut microbiome is directly implicated in systemic inflammation (feature of inflammageing) via a fecal microbiota transfer from young or aged mice to young GF mice [ 82 ]. Specifically, only aged microbiota results in enhanced CD4+ T-cell differentiation in recipient spleens, suggesting a systemic effect of the transfer.…”

Section: The Gut Microbiome and Inflammageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, higher pathogen recognition receptor (PRR) activity in serum as well as upregulation of TNF-α in the ileum is observed in these mice. Elevated PRR activity, particularly TLR2 and TLR4, indicates the presence of increased levels of bacterial components in circulation [ 82 ]. Increased IL-6, TNF-α, eotaxin, and RANTES are observed following stroke in young mice with an aged microbiota compared to those with young microbiota [ 83 ], reiterating once more the role of the aged microbiome in systemic inflammation.…”

Section: The Gut Microbiome and Inflammageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Young at Gut—Turning Back the Clock with the Gut Microbiome

et al. 2021

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Over the past century, we have witnessed an increase in life-expectancy due to public health measures; however, we have also seen an increase in susceptibility to chronic disease and frailty. Microbiome dysfunction may be linked to many of the conditions that increase in prevalence with age, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and cancer, suggesting the need for further research on these connections. Moreover, because both non-modifiable (e.g., age, sex, genetics) and environmental (e.g., diet, infection) factors can influence the microbiome, there are vast opportunities for the use of interventions related to the microbiome to promote lifespan and healthspan in aging populations. To understand the mechanisms mediating many of the interventions discussed in this review, we also provide an overview of the gut microbiome’s relationships with the immune system, aging, and the brain. Importantly, we explore how inflammageing (low-grade chronic inflammation that often develops with age), systemic inflammation, and senescent cells may arise from and relate to the gut microbiome. Furthermore, we explore in detail the complex gut–brain axis and the evidence surrounding how gut dysbiosis may be implicated in several age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. We also examine current research on potential interventions for healthspan and lifespan as they relate to the changes taking place in the microbiome during aging; and we begin to explore how the reduction in senescent cells and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) interplay with the microbiome during the aging process and highlight avenues for further research in this area.

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Transgenic Eimeria magna Pérard, 1925 Displays Similar Parasitological Properties to the Wild-type Strain and Induces an Exogenous Protein-Specific Immune Response in Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus L.)

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Establishment of Recombinant Eimeria acervulina Expressing Multi-Copies M2e Derived from Avian Influenza Virus H9N2

Establishment of Recombinant Eimeria acervulina Expressing Multi-Copies M2e Derived from Avian Influenza Virus H9N2

Transgenic Eimeria tenella Expressing Profilin of Eimeria maxima Elicits Enhanced Protective Immunity and Alters Gut Microbiome of Chickens

Young at Gut—Turning Back the Clock with the Gut Microbiome

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