Transgenerational trauma in a post-conflict setting: Effects on offspring PTSS/PTSD and offspring vulnerability in Cambodian families

Burchert, Sebastian; Stammel, Nadine; Knaevelsrud, Christine

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.04.033

Cited by 19 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Bereavement has previously been shown to contribute to the development of PTSD (Liu et al, 2014). PTSD transmission and transgenerational trauma has also been observed in spouses and families, particularly in combat- and conflict-related complex trauma (Burchert et al, 2017; Yehuda et al, 2008). Furthermore, trauma type, such as personally assaultive violence, has been demonstrated as an influential factor in PTSD and complex trauma (Breslau, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and indirect psychological impacts of shark-bite events

Taylor

McLean

Korner

et al. 2018

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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Shark bites, known colloquially as 'attacks', are low-probability high-consequence traumatic events (Crossley et al., 2014). These events are statistically rare with 766 unprovoked events internationally between 2007 and 2016, 61 of which were fatal (Florida Museum of Natural History, 2018). Events are 'provoked' if the shark is attracted or human contact is initiated by feeding or fishing, and statistics of unprovoked events are more commonly reported. In Australia, there were 569 unprovoked events recorded in the last 100 years, including 134 fatalities, 47 in the last 50 years, an average of less than one per year (Taronga Conservation Society Australia, 2018) Although rare,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and indirect psychological impacts of shark-bite events

Taylor

McLean

Korner

et al. 2018

Aust N Z J Psychiatry

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“…Thus far, the transmission of secondary traumatic stress between individuals affected by primary trauma and their descendents has proven to be difficult for researchers to model. This has been attributed to the various confounding socio-cultural factors that affect a child’s development (Bakó & Zana, 2018 ; Burchert et al, 2017 ; Fossion et al, 2015 ). Thus, as the mechanisms by which trauma is transmitted between generations spans biological, psychological, and sociological factors, the study of TTT requires elements from each of these fields in order to facilitate a holistic understanding.…”

Section: Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specific cultural environments may intensify circumstances under which trauma is transmitted transgenerationally. For example, researchers in Cambodia conducted a survey on the offspring of Khmer Rouge survivors and noticed a gender-bias, with female offspring presenting significantly higher in the severity of symptoms relating to trauma exposure (Burchert et al, 2017 ). This bias was later linked to young women spending prolonged amounts of time with their parents, particularly their mothers, in comparison to their male counterparts (Burchert et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, in regard to the latter, they must be employed with great caution when applied to a range of cultural contexts (Choi & Pak, 2005). Outside of such biases, individuals can also demonstrate a tendency to conceal the manifestations of their trauma when confronted for research purposes (Burchert et al, 2017;Pearrow & Cosgrove, 2009). This leads to a variety of complications when research in this field relies so heavily on self-administered questionnaires and serves as an example as to why diversifying current research methodologies is necessary (Fossion et al, 2015).…”

Section: Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advocating for a Collaborative Research Approach on Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma

Ridhuan

Caltabiano

Gillis

et al. 2021

Journ Child Adol Trauma

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Since Myers ( 1915 ) coined the term ‘shell shock’ to define the prolonged suffering of soldiers returning from the Great War, the psychological and physical result of distressing experiences, known as trauma, has been of academic interest. Transgenerational transmission of trauma effects has been recorded, demonstrating that on some level, the exposure to trauma of one generation can impact individuals of a subsequent generation (Yehuda & Lehrner, 2018 ). Observational studies on children of holocaust survivors formed the basis of this trajectory of research (Rakoff, 1966 ), and eventually this phenomenon became referred to as the transgenerational transmission of trauma (TTT). Since then, TTT has been observed in several contexts, including within families who have experienced high rates historical trauma (O’Neill et al., 2016 ), within regions high-frequencies of historical war and terrorism (Yehuda & Lehrner, 2018 ) and those who have undergone famine (Ahmed, 2010 ). This report aims to outline several pathways (biological, psychological, and sociological) by which trauma may be transmitted across generations. Moreover, it discusses several methods of trauma assessment and the related challenges and benefits. Lastly, this report advocates a biopsychosocial approach – an interdisciplinary model using the interplay of biological, psychological, and social-environmental factors – to research TTT. By promoting the benefits of such an interdisciplinary approach we attempt to break up silos between disciplines and encourage collaboration between academics from various backgrounds researching this topic to better serve individuals impacted by TTT.

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“…Traumatic events to which parents have been exposed can have a profound psychological effect on their descendants in many populations (Burchert, Stammel, & Knaevelsrud, ; de Graaf, ). The Holocaust, and its impact on the survivors and their descendants, is perhaps the most comprehensively researched case of transgenerational transmission of trauma (Starman, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Echoes of transgenerational trauma in the lived experiences of Jewish Australian grandchildren of Holocaust survivors

Cohn

Morrison

2018

Australian Journal of Psychology

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Objective: Previous experimental research has yielded inconclusive findings regarding the effects of Holocaust trauma to survivors' descendants, while qualitative studies have suggested diverse long-term impacts of this traumatic past. While the extant literature has focused mainly on Israeli and North American children of survivors, this study drew on theories of transgenerational trauma transmission to explore the lived experiences of six Jewish Australian grandchildren of Holocaust survivors. Method: Data from semi-structured interviews were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis to investigate how the impacts of historical trauma are experienced across generations in an Australian sample. Results: The impact of their grandparents' Holocaust experiences was found to echo across the participants' affective experiences, their sense of connection to family histories, their understanding of being different to others, and their political and ethical values. An analysis of these findings suggested that the participants define themselves in a collective manner as part of a group of survivors' descendants, with their post-Holocaust positioning existing in a state of tension alongside their Australian identity. Conclusions: This study extends the literature on transgenerational trauma by shedding light on how the identities of Australian grandchildren of Holocaust survivors continue to be profoundly informed by their identification with familial narratives of trauma, despite their generational distance from the Holocaust.

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Transgenerational trauma in a post-conflict setting: Effects on offspring PTSS/PTSD and offspring vulnerability in Cambodian families

Cited by 19 publications

References 30 publications

Direct and indirect psychological impacts of shark-bite events

Direct and indirect psychological impacts of shark-bite events

Advocating for a Collaborative Research Approach on Transgenerational Transmission of Trauma

Echoes of transgenerational trauma in the lived experiences of Jewish Australian grandchildren of Holocaust survivors

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