Transgender people in the nursing discourse: An integrative review

Abstract

Objective To integrate and analyse the literature produced by nurses in terms of care, education and understanding of the reality of transgender (trans) people. Design An integrative review methodology guided by the framework proposed by Whittemore and Knafl. Data sources The search strategy was applied in the following databases: Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and CINAHL, as well as in Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, during February and March 2021, with no time frame. Review methods The references found were assessed according to the eligibility criteria established. The information of the articles included was extracted, and a thematic analysis was performed to synthesize the review findings. Results The searches in the databases yielded 2859 articles; 985 after removing duplicates, and 33 articles were included in this review. Three major themes were identified: (1) Understanding the trans universe through the trans perspective; (2) Understanding health and nursing care for trans people; and (3) Trans women as the focus of health and nursing care. The themes evidenced in the lens of nurses and clients the importance of nursing training at all levels to prepare professionals on how to provide culturally competent nursing care for this population and reduce healthcare inequities. Conclusion Nurses must work to provide a space for convergence and enhancement of the rights of trans people and cease to be a verticalized care model. To such end, it is necessary to devise places and possibilities to teach and learn, to construct and reconstruct a culturally competent nursing care. Impact This review highlighted the current knowledge and identified gaps in the understanding of nurses, health professionals and students about the experience lived by trans people, resulting from the lack of training and continuing education of these professionals.

Keywords are missing: Insights from the publication keywords, abstracts and titles of an environment and human health research group

“…There is also evidence that transgender people face discrimination in accessing basic healthcare services (James et al, 2019) and that healthcare providers lack basic knowledge around gender-inclusive language and concepts (Carabez et al, 2015). This often results in transgender people avoiding necessary medical procedures and drives health disparities between transgender and cisgender people (Padilha et al, 2022). Further, gay people (men especially) also encounter attitudinal barriers and discrimination in accessing healthcare, notably with respect to HIV treatment (Griffith and Jackman, 2022) but also in other healthcare settings (Pratt-Chapman, 2021).…”

Interaction among health workers and trans men: Findings from a qualitative study in Chile

“…Usually, gender health has been equated with women's health, and the gender focus on men's health is still limited, even more so for trans men. Although research on trans people's access and use of health services has recently increased, research on the specific experiences of trans masculinities are still scarce compared to those of trans femininities (Aboim, 2016; Padilha et al, 2022). A recent review covering evidence between 1999 and 2019 on trans men's health identified 53 studies, of which only 16 were conducted in Latin America (Scheim et al, 2020).…”