Transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Kathmandu, Nepal

Shrestha, Ashish; Ghimire, Prakash; Tiwari, Bishnu Raj; Rajkarnikar, Manita

doi:10.3855/jidc.311

Cited by 64 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This number showed a lower prevalence compared with other studies done in Mozambique (18.7%) [11], East Sudan (13%) [12], Cameroon (13.7%) [13], in Gondar Ethiopia (18.5%) [14]. However, the present study showed the prevalence of TTIs was high compared with a study done in Nepal (1.7%) [15] and in India (0.93%) [16]. The prevalence/epidemiology of TTIs varies among countries and settings.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

“…This study showed that, although not statistically associated, HBV was more common in males 5% (13), married 6.3% (2), urban population 4.2% (15), the 18-24 age group 4.5% (15), and in replacement donors 9.7% (3), which is different from the prevalence of HIV (Table 3). In addition, many of these study participants were volunteer donors, who mainly were males 67.5% (232) …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

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The prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections: A focus on hepatitis B virus among blood donors at Hawassa blood bank center, Southern Ethiopia

Bonja¹,

Hussein²,

Alemu³

et al. 2017

Int J Blood Transfus Immunohematol

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Aims: Millions of lives are saved each year through blood transfusion but a safe blood supply is a critical component of health care to prevent the spread of blood-borne infectious diseases. Therefore, it is essential to assess the prevalence and identify the most common culprit and risk in transfusion services. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2015 to May 2015 at the Hawassa blood bank center. Blood donors who donated blood for transfusion purposes were considered for the study. Whole blood was collected and serum was separated from each donor. The sera were used for examination of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and syphilis. Thick film was prepared and stained using Giemsa for malaria detection. Results: A total of 384 blood donors were screened during the study period. Among these donors, 67.2% (258) were males and 32.8% (126) were females. The overall prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections (TTI) was 28 out of 384 (7.29%) apparently healthy donors. and malaria was 6 (1.6%), 16 (4.2%), 2 (0.5%), 3 (0.8%) and 1 (0.3%) respectively. Two out of 384 (0.5%) had co-infections with HIV-HBV 1 (0.26%) and HBV-HCV 1 (0.26%). A 1:14 ratio (7.14%) of the blood collected was discarded only due to the presence of TTI. The highest discard rate was recorded from HBV infected units 57.1%, followed by HIV 21.40%, syphilis 10.7%, HCV 7.10%, and malaria 3.60%. Overall, TTIs were found in males (7.8%), married (2.5%), rural (8%), private/NGO employed donors (28.6%), 45-54 age group (20%), and in replacement/family donors (16.1%) (p = 0.039). Conclusion: The prevalence of TTIs in the Hawassa blood bank center was significantly high. HBV infection was the major cause for TTIs. Recommendations: Overall, effective clinical and laboratory screening of blood donors is essential. Proper treatment of TTI positive cases and a good donor selection program will help to reduce the prevalence of TTIs in donor units. Blood bank programs should give much more consideration in screening and diagnosis of HBV which is the main TTI that causes a high discard rate of blood.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 50%

The prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections: A focus on hepatitis B virus among blood donors at Hawassa blood bank center, Southern Ethiopia

Bonja¹,

Hussein²,

Alemu³

et al. 2017

Int J Blood Transfus Immunohematol

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“…[12][13][14][15][16][17] Studies conducted by Khedmatet al 18 (0.003%) in Iran and Ahmadet al 19 (0.008%) in Bangladesh showed lesser prevalence of HIV while variable results of 0.12%, 0.15% and 0.11%have also been reported in various other studies conducted in Nepal, China and Pakistan respevtively. 20,21,22 Prevalence of HBsAg in our blood donor population was 2.1% which was contrary to the findings of other studies. 12,14,16,[18][19][20][21] Studies by Chaudhary et al(1.93%) in western UP, Naskar et al (1.75%) in northern India, andZameeret al (2.9%) in Pakistan showed similar findings when compared to the present sudy.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 57%

“…20,21,22 Prevalence of HBsAg in our blood donor population was 2.1% which was contrary to the findings of other studies. 12,14,16,[18][19][20][21] Studies by Chaudhary et al(1.93%) in western UP, Naskar et al (1.75%) in northern India, andZameeret al (2.9%) in Pakistan showed similar findings when compared to the present sudy. 13,15,22 Detection of the IgM class of antibodies to the hepatitis B core antigen (Anti HBc -IgM) as an adjuvant marker can be used to confirm recent infection of HBV so that the higher prevalence of HBsAg among blood donors can be reduced.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 57%

Seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Infections among blood donors in a Tertiary care Hospital in Andhra Pradesh

Begum¹,

Banu

Venkatraman³

2018

APALM

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Background: Blood transfusion is a life-saving procedure as even a single unit of blood and its components can save multiple recipients in need. Though it's a safe procedure, the risk of transmission of infections like HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and hepatitis C are still seen. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of HBsAg, HCV, HIV, Syphilis and Malaria in various ABO and Rh (D) blood groups donors.Methods: A retrospective study was performed from January 2014 to May 2017 in a blood bank of a tertiary care hospital. A total of 8260 blood units which were collected from both voluntary and replacement donors during the study period were included. Complete donor's demography and screening status forTransfusion Transmitted Infections(TTI's) were analysed. Results:Out of 8260 blood donors, 232(2.8%) were positive for TTIs.The overall prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and Syphilis was found to be 0.06%, 2.1 % , 0.15% and 0.4% respectively. The highest percentage of prevalence was observed for HBV, followed by syphilis, HCV and HIV. Higher seroprevalence of TTI's were noted in replacement donors and younger age group between 18 to 30 years. Conclusion:Following strict donor eligibility criteria and effecting high sensitive screening methods can bring down the prevalence of TTI's. Proper treatment and follow-up counselling can help in preventing further transmission of infections in the community.

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“…The findings of the present study were similar to the study conducted by Shrestha et al, 2009 (HIV-0.12%, HBsAg-0.46%). 8 However, the seroprevalence of HIV was 4.5% and HBV-8.2% in Ethiopia during 2008. 9 In addition, the HIV and HBsAg seroprevalence was found to be 0.69% and 4.61% respectively in Thailand, 2002.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV and Hepatitis B seroprevalence among the nepalese blood donors

et al. 2013

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Background: HIV and Hepatitis B infections are public health problems in Nepal. This study was conducted based at NRCS/CBTS, with the objective of determining the HIV and HBsAg sero-prevalence in non-remunerated volunteer blood donors. Materials and Methods: A total of 66,904 units of blood collected, following donor recruitment criteriaduring March 2009-Sept. 2010 was included for analysis. All donated blood samples were subjected to screening for Transfusion transmitted infections including HIV and Hepatitis B surface antigen using standard ELISA test kits (Dade Behring, Germany). Initial reactive sera were re-tested for reconfi rmation with same test kits plus another test kit (Detect-HIV, Adaltis Inc, and Qualisa). Results: Out of 66,904 units of blood collected, 56,973 units were from male and 9,931 were from female donors. Among the total screened samples, 73 (0.10%) were found to be positive for HIV, {0.11% (64/56973) in male and 0.09% (9/9931) in female}; the difference between male and female donors (?2<3.841) was statistically signifi cant. The seroprevalence of HIV was highest in age group of 30- 39 both in male and female (p<0.001). Similarly, for HBsAg, overall seroprevalence was found to be 0.47% (316/66904 {0.42% (242/56973) in male and 0.74% (74/9931) in female}. The difference was statistically signifi cant (?2<3.841). The highest HBsAg sero-prevalence(0.65%) was also observed in same age group i.e. 30-39 (p<0.001) in male but highest seroprevalence (2.63%) was observed inage group of ?50 in female. Conclusion: Both HIV and HBV sero-prevalence is high in adult voluntary blood donors. Journal of Pathology of Nepal (2013) Vol. 3, No.1, Issue 5, 390-393 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v3i5.7864

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Transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors in Kathmandu, Nepal

Cited by 64 publications

References 13 publications

The prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections: A focus on hepatitis B virus among blood donors at Hawassa blood bank center, Southern Ethiopia

The prevalence of transfusion transmitted infections: A focus on hepatitis B virus among blood donors at Hawassa blood bank center, Southern Ethiopia

Seroprevalence of Transfusion Transmitted Infections among blood donors in a Tertiary care Hospital in Andhra Pradesh

HIV and Hepatitis B seroprevalence among the nepalese blood donors

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