Transfusion Therapy

Spence, Ríchard K.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-57282-1_10

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Acute anemia is usually managed with red blood cell transfusion, a practice that has long been regarded as relatively risk free with obvious clinical benefits. 65 Studies show that about 50% of all patients admitted to an ICU receive transfusions, whereas 85% of those patients who stayed in an ICU for more than 7 days received transfusions. 1,2,66 In the pediatric literature, it is reported that up to 50% of children in an ICU receive red blood cell transfusions, 67, 68 yet hemodynamically stable children may tolerate the decreased oxygen delivery associated with a moderate degree of anemia.…”

Section: Transfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anemia of Critical Illness

Asare

2008

Pharmacotherapy

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Anemia of critical illness, a commonly encountered clinical situation, is hematologically similar to that of chronic anemia, except that the onset is generally sudden. The etiology is usually multifactorial, occurring as a consequence of direct inhibitory effects of inflammatory cytokines, erythropoietin deficiency, blunted erythropoietic response, blood loss, nutritional deficiencies, and renal insufficiency. Although anemia is not well tolerated by critically ill patients, aggressive treatment of anemia can be just as detrimental as no treatment. Different types of anemia may coexist in a patient in the intensive care unit, making diagnosis and differentiation among these anemias complex, therefore requiring good diagnostic skills. Although several therapeutic options are available to treat anemia, critically ill patients often receive a transfusion, and yet, most recent studies indicate that blood transfusions in critically ill patients are associated with worse outcomes, including higher morbidity and mortality. These studies have generated interest in the administration of exogenous erythropoietin and iron therapy. Unfortunately, the accurate determination of iron status can be a rather difficult task, an undertaking that is made even more difficult by the presence of comorbid conditions that can affect the commonly used parameters for guiding iron therapy. The use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents is rapidly gaining acceptance, although they also present potential problems of their own.

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Section: Transfusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anemia of Critical Illness

Asare

2008

Pharmacotherapy

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“…Changes in the management of health-care systems are also imposing limitations on postgraduate training, for example the 'new deal' for junior doctors in the United Kingdom 6 and the emergence of managed care within the USA. 7,8 It is important that surgeons identify relevant areas of unmet demand and retain ownership in the teaching of surgery, especially the area of procedural skills.…”

Section: Changes In Health Carementioning

confidence: 99%

The development of undergraduate curricula in surgery: I. General issues

Hamdorf

Hall

2001

ANZ Journal of Surgery

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Undergraduate surgical education is evolving in line with societal changes, the growth of information technology, developments in educational processes, and shifts in the health-care industry. The underlying principles include the establishment of a strong linkage between the objectives and content of curricula, the identification of core knowledge and appropriate attitudes, achieving competence in basic skills, the creation of greater integration, and the promotion of study in depth. The aim of the present paper was to provide surgeons with an overview of these developments.

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Transfusion Therapy

Cited by 2 publications

References 133 publications

Anemia of Critical Illness

Anemia of Critical Illness

The development of undergraduate curricula in surgery: I. General issues

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