Transfusion‑related immunomodulation in patients with cancer: Focus on the impact of extracellular vesicles from stored red blood cells (Review)

Ma, Xingyu; Liu, Yanxi; Han, Qianlan; Han, Yunwei; Wang, Jing; Zhang, Hongwei

doi:10.3892/ijo.2021.5288

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…The immunosuppressive potency of RBC transfusions is undergoing extensive research. Various mechanisms are being described and discussed, such as the presence of residual leukocytes or apoptotic cells, potentially bioactive molecules as cytokines, active growth factors, or serum proteins and cell-derived extracellular vesicles [ 42 , 43 ]. Circulating tumor cells (CTC) are present in the bloodstream in the perioperative cancer surgery setting in numerous entities and usually correlate with tumor size, nodal infiltration, or metastatic spread [ 44 , 45 ] and can be likewise detected in the bone marrow of OSCC patients [ 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Red Blood Cell Transfusions on Distant Metastases of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Brandenburg

Metzger

Poxleitner

et al. 2021

Cancers

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There is no consensus on the effect of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions on patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between RBC administration and the occurrence of distant metastases (M+) after surgical treatment of OSCC. All medical records of patients who underwent primary surgery for OSCC in our department (2003–2019) were analyzed retrospectively (n = 609). Chi and Cox regression models were used to analyze the influence of transfusion on the development of M+, and survival rates. Kaplan–Meier curves were used for graphical presentation. A multitude of patient-specific factors showed a statistical impact in univariate analysis (transfusion, age, gender, diabetes, pT, pN, L, V, Pn, G, UICC, adjuvant therapy, free microvascular transplant, preoperative hemoglobin level). Transfusion status and pN stage were the only variables that showed a significant correlation to M+ in the multivariate Cox model. The hazard ratios for the occurrence of M+ were 2.42 for RBC transfusions and 2.99 for pN+. Administration of RBC transfusions was identified as a significant prognostic parameter for the occurrence of distant metastases after surgical treatment of OSCC. Hence, the administration of RBC transfusions should be considered carefully in the perioperative management.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Red Blood Cell Transfusions on Distant Metastases of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas

Brandenburg

Metzger

Poxleitner

et al. 2021

Cancers

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“…They are formed in cytoskeleton-free regions of the RBC membrane and are suggested to be a lipid raft-based process induced by ATP loss, a process known as eryptosis [91]. The biogenesis and characterisation of stored RBC-derived EVs have been a subject of great interest, particularly in the context of blood transfusion and its potential impact on immunomodulation in patients with cancer [124]. Furthermore, RBC-derived EVs have been associated with coagulation activation pathways, influencing immune and coagulation parameters in critically ill transfused patients [93,94] and their impact on B lymphocyte survival and plasma cell differentiation [95].…”

Section: Red Blood Cell-derived Evsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles and Immunity: At the Crossroads of Cell Communication

Aloi,

Drago,

Ruggieri

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs), comprising exosomes and microvesicles, are small membranous structures secreted by nearly all cell types. They have emerged as crucial mediators in intercellular communication, playing pivotal roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes, notably within the realm of immunity. These roles go beyond mere cellular interactions, as extracellular vesicles stand as versatile and dynamic components of immune regulation, impacting both innate and adaptive immunity. Their multifaceted involvement includes immune cell activation, antigen presentation, and immunomodulation, emphasising their significance in maintaining immune homeostasis and contributing to the pathogenesis of immune-related disorders. Extracellular vesicles participate in immunomodulation by delivering a wide array of bioactive molecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, thereby influencing gene expression in target cells. This manuscript presents a comprehensive review that encompasses in vitro and in vivo studies aimed at elucidating the mechanisms through which EVs modulate human immunity. Understanding the intricate interplay between extracellular vesicles and immunity is imperative for unveiling novel therapeutic targets and diagnostic tools applicable to various immunological disorders, including autoimmune diseases, infectious diseases, and cancer. Furthermore, recognising the potential of EVs as versatile drug delivery vehicles holds significant promise for the future of immunotherapies.

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