Transfusion-Related Alloimmunization to Red Blood Cell Antigens in Japanese Pediatric Recipients

Allo‐anti‐M: Detection peaks around 2 years of age, but may be attenuated by red blood cell transfusion

“…As part of the retrospective, multicenter, nationwide cohort survey, “Transfusion‐Related Alloimmunization to Red Blood Cell Antigens in Japanese Pediatric Recipients,” 6 this study investigated alloreactive anti‐M found before and/or after red blood cell (RBC) transfusion. Pregnancy history was also solicited in the survey.…”

“…Criteria for inclusion of medical institutions and patients were described elsewhere. 6 Briefly, these were medical facilities in Japan that fulfilled criteria of having certified and continuously trained active staff, and had 30 or more pediatric patients every year who received RBC transfusions.…”

“…Details about antibody testing and RBC transfusion were described elsewhere. 6 Briefly, transfused RBC units were matched or compatible with patients' ABO and RhD. Neonates with any maternally derived alloantibodies received RBCs compatible with those antibodies.…”

“…4 For ABO and other naturally occurring IgM antibodies, the gut microflora, pathogens, and food-associated proteins are thought to be immunogenic stimuli for antibody formation mediated by the innate immune system. 5 "Transfusion-Related Alloimmunization to Red Blood Cell Antigens in Japanese Pediatric Recipients" was a large, retrospective, multi-institutional cohort study 6 showing that alloimmunization did not occur from RBCs transfused within the first month of life (0%) and rarely occurred (0.46%-0.80%) after transfusion within the first decade of life, whereas alloimmunization occurred in 1.15%-1.88% of young pubescents and adolescents/young adults.…”

“…“Transfusion‐Related Alloimmunization to Red Blood Cell Antigens in Japanese Pediatric Recipients” was a large, retrospective, multi‐institutional cohort study 6 showing that alloimmunization did not occur from RBCs transfused within the first month of life (0%) and rarely occurred (0.46%–0.80%) after transfusion within the first decade of life, whereas alloimmunization occurred in 1.15%–1.88% of young pubescents and adolescents/young adults.…”