Transforming the Urban Space through Transit-Oriented Development

Urban development around bus rapid transit stops in seven cities in Latin-America

“…In Denver, Colorado, the Center for Transit-Oriented Development (CTOD 2008) developed a guide for station area planning that included the addition of a special use/employment district type. Salat and Ollivier (2017) extend their typology beyond the physical characteristics of the built environment to include economic features. They propose a framework that classifies BRT stops based on the importance of the stop in the BRT network (nodal value), the quality of the features of the stop (place value) and the market attractiveness for development and redevelopment (market value).…”

Shanghai in the New Economy of Global Flows Shaping Urban Form and Connectedness in the Digital Age

“…Pareto distributions: the hidden order of spiky economic landscapes and of networks at all scales. The spatial distribution of the wealth of cities, as well as of people, jobs, and economic densities, office space density, accessibility to jobs, rents, subway network centralities, and so on, across the urban space (Salat, Bourdic 2015;Salat, ollivier 2017) follow skewed distributions that are modelled by inverse power laws known in economy for a long time under the name of Pareto distributions. They comprise a few large and very large values (in green on the left) and a "long tail" of small values on the right in Paris, and district level in New York has shown that high local density reduces transportation energy (Bourdic 2011).…”

“…Stations that have high betweenness centrality values articulate different sub-networks (for example suburban trains and subway lines, or core and spokes in a subway network). Research has shown that degree centrality and betweenness centrality of subway stations in global cities such as Paris, London, New York, Tokyo, also follow inverse power laws, shown in Figure 9 for London and in Figure 10 for New York City, and that high degree central and between central stations have a very high potential for development (Salat, Bourdic 2015;Salat, Ollivier 2017) The networked structure of global cities The paper assesses the position of Shanghai within the network of global flows. Sassen (2005) hypothesis is that the global nature of the economy leads to a strengthening of cross-border city-to-city transactions and networks.…”

“…New York City presents an extraordinary concentration of office space: 60% of New York City office space is concentrated in 9 km 2 in two areas in Manhattan, that is in about 1% of NYC area, as shown in Figure 13. These extreme concentrations are made liveable by high quality public space like in in the project of Hudson Yards in Manhattan (Salat, Ollivier 2017).…”

“…Everybody becomes connected to everybody within two of three degrees of separation, creating an intense web of exchanges favouring creativity and innovation spill overs. In New York, in This map shows extreme variations between the spatially limited core of Manhattan giving access to 2 million jobs and a wide suburbia giving access to less than 100,000 job opportunities Source: Salat, ollivier 2017. order to intensify even further this highly networked agglomeration economy in Midtown, the most accessible and interconnected area by public transport, an amendment has rezoned at high density for commercial development 73 blocks in East Midtown to capture the job growth of the two coming decades in the densest and most accessible area of NYC (New York City Department of City Planning 2013).…”