Transforming the carbon economy: challenges and opportunities in the convergence of low-cost electricity and reductive CO2 utilization

Grim, R. Gary; Huang, Zuhao; Guarnieri, Michael T.; Ferrell, Jack R.; Tao, Ling; Schaidle, Joshua A.

doi:10.1039/c9ee02410g

Cited by 324 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…Secondly, there is energy consumption when capturing the carbon source. As a result of the high cost, different conversion approaches also need to meet the expected economic benefits, [7] as shown in Figure 1.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Metal Phthalocyanine based Carbon Composites for Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

Yue

Ding

et al. 2020

ChemCatChem

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Fossil energy can bring great convenience to human beings, but the carbon dioxide released at the same time can produce Greenhouse Effect, resulting in the rise of Earth's temperature, which has a great impact on the environment. Therefore, how to efficiently catalyze the reduction of carbon dioxide is a hot issue to be solved. Metal phthalocyanines exhibit superior electrochemical catalytic performance due to their large conjugated structure, while carbon nanotubes and graphene, as nanoscale materials, have extremely large surface area and excellent electrochemical performance. The combination of carbon nanotubes and graphene with metal phthalocyanine can greatly improve the electrocatalytic performance of the composites. Herein, in this review, the mechanism of catalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) by metal phthalocyanine based composites and its research progress are reviewed, the current problems in the field of electrocatalysis of phthalocyanine based composites with the future prospects are presented. We hope this review will help to stimulate further development of phthalocyanine based composites with high performance CO2 catalytic reduction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in Metal Phthalocyanine based Carbon Composites for Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

Yue

Ding

et al. 2020

ChemCatChem

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“…Many reviews and papers have discussed the costs and techno-economic feasibility of CO 2 utilization routes, a selection (not exhaustive) of which is the following: Centi and Perathoner (2010), Quadrelli et al (2011), Aresta et al (2013), Centi et al (2013), Barbato et al (2014), Centi and Perathoner (2014), Perathoner and Centi (2014), Laumb et al (2013), Ampelli et al (2015), Dimitriou et al (2015), Pérez-Fortes et al (2016), Naims (2016), Navarrete et al (2017), Ordomsky et al (2017), Senftle and Carter, (2017), Zheng et al (2017), Iaquaniello et al (2018), Koytsoumpa et al (2018), González-Garay et al (2019a), Hepburn et al (2019), Jens et al (2019), , Grim et al (2020), Meunier et al (2020), Mustafa et al (2020), , and Zimmermann et al (2020). Although the conclusions are often contradictory, it is commonly suggested that there still exist large barriers for the implementation and deployment of CCU.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economics of CO2 Utilization: A Critical Analysis

Centi

Salladini²,

Iaquaniello³

2020

Front. Energy Res.

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The economics of CO 2 utilization are discussed from a critical perspective, with a concise analysis of the state-of-the-art of economics in power-to-X (methanol, methane). The main elements of the analysis of the economics are commented to provide guidelines on how to interpret the techno-economic results in the area of CO 2 utilization. It remarks the need of a careful analysis of the specific context, and of the limits of the evaluation, in order to go beyond the just use of the results without a proper analysis of how the data support the conclusions, their limits and applicability. Case examples discussed in a more detail regard the CO 2 to methanol or methane conversion, from the perspective of highlighting possible issues or limits rather than to indicate which results are more valuable, which is out of the scope of this contribution.

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“…17 On the other hand, low temperature electrochemical CO2 conversion to multi-carbon products is relatively immature (TRL of 2-4) and often limited in labscale testing. 13,17 Interestingly, the electrochemical route offers a number of potential opportunities, including modular scaling for small to large-scale applications, lower capital investment, load balancing for electric grid, storage of intermittent renewable electricity (e.g., wind or solar energy) into energy-dense hydrocarbons that can be transported and traded globally etc. 13 With continuous reduction in renewable electricity price, electrochemical CO2 conversion technologies could become economically competitive with thermochemical and conventional fossil-based synthesis pathways 12,18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,17 Interestingly, the electrochemical route offers a number of potential opportunities, including modular scaling for small to large-scale applications, lower capital investment, load balancing for electric grid, storage of intermittent renewable electricity (e.g., wind or solar energy) into energy-dense hydrocarbons that can be transported and traded globally etc. 13 With continuous reduction in renewable electricity price, electrochemical CO2 conversion technologies could become economically competitive with thermochemical and conventional fossil-based synthesis pathways 12,18 . To date, depending on the reaction conditions, operating parameters and catalyst used, over 16 different chemicals have been produced via electrochemical CO2 conversion, including carbon monoxide (CO), formic acid (HCOOH), methane (CH4), methanol (CH3OH), ethylene (C2H4), ethanol (C2H5OH), n-propanol (C3H7OH), acetic acid (CH3COOH) etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Electrochemical Upgrading of CO2 to Fuels and Feedstocks

Nabil¹,

McCoy²,

Kibria

2020

Preprint

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Development of electrochemical pathways to convert CO2 into fuels and feedstock is rapidly progressing over the past decade. Here we present a comparative cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) of one and two-step electrochemical conversion of CO2 to eight major value-added products; wherein we consider CO2 capture, conversion and product separation in our process model. We measure the carbon intensity (i.e., global warming impact) of one and two-step electrochemical routes with its counterparts – thermochemical CO2 utilization and fossil-fuel based conventional synthesis routes for those same products. Despite inevitable carbonate formation in one-step CO2 electrolysis, this analysis reveals one-step electrosynthesis would be equally compelling (through the lens of climate benefits) as compared to two-step route. This analysis further reveals that the carbon intensity of electrosynthesis products is due to significant energy requirement for the conversion (70-80% for gas products) and product separation (40-85% for liquid products) phases. Electrochemical route is highly sensitive to the electricity emission factor and is compelling only when coupled with electricity with low emission intensity (<0.25 kg CO2e/kWh). As the technology advances, we identify the near-term products that would provide climate benefits over fossil-based routes, including syngas, ethylene and n-propanol. We further identify technological goals required for electrochemical route to be competitive, notably achieving liquid product concentration >20 wt%. It is our hope that this analysis will guide the CO2 electrosynthesis community to target achieving these technological goals, such that when coupled with low-carbon electricity, electrochemical route would bring climate benefits in near future.

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Transforming the carbon economy: challenges and opportunities in the convergence of low-cost electricity and reductive CO₂ utilization

Abstract: Renewable electricity can be leveraged to produce fuels and chemicals from CO2, offering sustainable routes to reduce the carbon intensity of our energy and products-driven economy.

Cited by 324 publications

References 148 publications

Advances in Metal Phthalocyanine based Carbon Composites for Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

Advances in Metal Phthalocyanine based Carbon Composites for Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

Economics of CO2 Utilization: A Critical Analysis

Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Electrochemical Upgrading of CO2 to Fuels and Feedstocks

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Transforming the carbon economy: challenges and opportunities in the convergence of low-cost electricity and reductive CO2 utilization

Abstract: Renewable electricity can be leveraged to produce fuels and chemicals from CO2, offering sustainable routes to reduce the carbon intensity of our energy and products-driven economy.

Cited by 324 publications

References 148 publications

Advances in Metal Phthalocyanine based Carbon Composites for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction

Advances in Metal Phthalocyanine based Carbon Composites for Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction

Economics of CO2 Utilization: A Critical Analysis

Comparative Life Cycle Assessment of Electrochemical Upgrading of CO2 to Fuels and Feedstocks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Transforming the carbon economy: challenges and opportunities in the convergence of low-cost electricity and reductive CO₂ utilization

Advances in Metal Phthalocyanine based Carbon Composites for Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction

Advances in Metal Phthalocyanine based Carbon Composites for Electrocatalytic CO₂ Reduction