Transforming growth factor-β2 levels in aqueous humor of glaucomatous eyes

Abstract

Our results indicate that increased levels of TGF-beta 2 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of POAG.

GDF15 is elevated in mice following retinal ganglion cell death and in glaucoma patients

“…We also examined Tgfb2 gene expression in the retina because of its previously described association with human primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) (11)(12)(13) and because GDF15 is a member of the TGF-β superfamily (14). In terms of rodent models of glaucoma, no rodent glaucoma model has convincingly demonstrated elevated Tgfb2 gene expression in the retina.…”

Elevated Intraocular Pressure induces Ultrastructural Changes in the Trabecular Meshwork

“…The increase in IOP seems to be a factor that mechanically perturbs the subendothelial cribriform and juxtacanalicular cells. This could lead to a secondary release of stress factors, inducing changes in the extracellular matrix that may result in an increase of the outflow resistance to the aqueous humor, a mechanism that has previously been suggested [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. The observed changes in the juxtacanalicular connective tissue secondary to an increase in IOP may explain the progressive nature of this disease that is characteristic of elderly people.…”

Decreased active TGF-β2 levels in the aqueous humour during immune reactions following penetrating keratoplasty

“…[33][34][35][36] Increased levels of active TGF-b 2 have been reported as well in diabetes 28,37 especially following photocoagulation. 29 To avoid influences on active TGF-b 2 levels in the aqueous humour by these frequently accompanying diseases, we decided at the beginning of this study that glaucoma and diabetes were exclusion criteria.…”