Transforming Growth Factor β/activin signalling induces epithelial cell flattening during <i>Drosophila</i> oogenesis

Brigaud, Isabelle; Duteyrat, Jean-Luc; Chlasta, Julien; Bail, Sandrine Le; Couderc, Jacques; Grammont, Muriel

doi:10.1242/bio.201410785

Cited by 25 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…Using ImageJ, ZO-1 images of cells (Figure 2A–B) were adjusted for brightness to highlight cells. To remove smooth continuous backgrounds of the fluorescence image, background subtraction from ImageJ was used with a rolling ball radius of 20 pixels, as previously reported 2 . Images were smoothed with a medium filter of a 3 pixel width.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and Nuclear Alignment Analysis for Determining Epithelial Cell Chirality

et al. 2015

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Left-right (LR) asymmetry is a biologically conserved property in living organisms that can be observed in the asymmetrical arrangement of organs and tissues and in tissue morphogenesis, such as the directional looping of the gastrointestinal tract and heart. The expression of LR asymmetry in embryonic tissues can be appreciated in biased cell alignment. Previously an in vitro chirality assay was reported by patterning multiple cells on microscale defined geometries and quantified the cell phenotype–dependent LR asymmetry, or cell chirality. However, morphology and chirality of individual cells on micropatterned surfaces has not been well characterized. Here, a Python-based algorithm was developed to identify and quantify immunofluorescence stained individual epithelial cells on multicellular patterns. This approach not only produces results similar to the image intensity gradient-based method reported previously, but also can capture properties of single cells such as area and aspect ratio. We also found that cell nuclei exhibited biased alignment. Around 35% cells were misaligned and were typically smaller and less elongated. This new imaging analysis approach is an effective tool for measuring single cell chirality inside multicellular structures and can potentially help unveil biophysical mechanisms underlying cellular chiral bias both in vitro and in vivo.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular and Nuclear Alignment Analysis for Determining Epithelial Cell Chirality

et al. 2015

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“…StC flattening occurs progressively from the anterior to the middle of the follicle. This morphogenetic process depends on the activation of a genetic program in the StCs, such as the TGFß pathway and the tao gene, which control the remodelling of the adherens junctions (AJ) and the lateral adhesion complexes, respectively (Brigaud et al, 2015;Gomez et al, 2012;Grammont, 2007). The remodelling consists of a stereotypical AJ disassembly with first remodelling of the vertexes of the cells located on the same row and then the AJ perpendicular to the antero-posterior axis (A/P).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gradient in cytoplasmic pressure in the germline cells controls overlying epithelial cell morphogenesis

Lamiré

Milani

Runel

et al. 2018

Preprint

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It is unknown how growth in one tissue impacts morphogenesis in a neighboring tissue. To address this, we used the Drosophila ovarian follicle, where a cluster of 15 nurse cells and a posteriorly located oocyte are surrounded by a layer of epithelial cells. It is known that as the nurse cells grow, the overlying epithelial cells flatten in a wave that begins in the anterior. Here, we demonstrate that an anterior to posterior gradient of decreasing cytoplasmic pressure is present across the nurse cells and that this gradient acts through TGFß to control both the triggering and the progression of the wave of epithelial cell flattening. Our data indicate that intrinsic nurse cell growth is important to control proper nurse cell pressure. Finally, we reveal that nurse cell pressure and subsequent TGFß activity in the StC combine to increase follicle elongation in the anterior, which is crucial for allowing nurse cell growth and pressure control. More generally, our results reveal that during development, inner cytoplasmic pressure in individual cells has an important role in shaping their neighbors.Impact StatementCell shape change depends on extrinsic forces exerted by cytoplasmic pressure in neighbouring cells.

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“…During this process, the anterior follicle epithelium undergoes rapid reorganization: cells alter their morphology from cuboidal to squamous and concurrently elongate anisotropically towards the anterior pole (Brigaud et al, 2015). Interestingly, M-TRAIL captured this movement: in trails initiating at late st. 7, both cessation of rotation and a posteriorly-directed shift were seen in the squamous ‘stretch’ cells at the anterior, while only the former process was seen in the columnar cells at the posterior (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Cell Migration Tracking Tool Supports Coupling of Tissue Rotation to Elongation

2017

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SUMMARY Cell migration is indispensable to morphogenesis and homeostasis. Live imaging allows mechanistic insights, but long-term observation can alter normal biology, and tools to track movements in vivo without perturbation are lacking. We develop here a tool called M-TRAIL, which reveals migration histories in fixed tissues. Using clones that overexpress GFP-tagged ECM components, motility trajectories are mapped based on durable traces deposited onto basement membrane. We applied M-TRAIL to Drosophila follicle rotation, comparing in vivo and ex vivo migratory dynamics. The rate, trajectory, and cessation of rotation in WT follicles measured in vivo and ex vivo were identical, as was rotation failure in fat2 mutants. However, follicles carrying intracellularly truncated Fat2, previously reported to lack rotation ex vivo, in fact rotate in vivo at a reduced speed, thus revalidating the hypothesis that rotation is required for tissue elongation. The M-TRAIL approach could be applied to track and quantitate in vivo cell motility in other tissues and organisms.

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Transforming Growth Factor β/activin signalling induces epithelial cell flattening during Drosophila oogenesis

Cited by 25 publications

References 48 publications

Cellular and Nuclear Alignment Analysis for Determining Epithelial Cell Chirality

Cellular and Nuclear Alignment Analysis for Determining Epithelial Cell Chirality

Gradient in cytoplasmic pressure in the germline cells controls overlying epithelial cell morphogenesis

A Cell Migration Tracking Tool Supports Coupling of Tissue Rotation to Elongation

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