Transforming Activities and Base Contents of Deoxyribo-nucleate Preparations from Various Neisseriae

Catlin, B. Wesley; Cunningham, Lew

doi:10.1099/00221287-26-2-303

Cited by 102 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Phenoii 27 (Branhamella catarrhalis) requires no comment other than that some mislabelled strains belong to this species; its separation from the ' false neisserias ' (phenons 28 and 29) on the phenogram does appear to be significant and is in agreement with the findings of Bsvre (1965) and also those of Hoke & Vedros (1982) which were based on DNA base composition, genetic transformation and DNA hybridization. The satellites that follow it may have been strains of well known species that behaved aberrantly in our tests, rather than strains resulting from genetic transformation between Neisseria and Branhamella species which, on present evidence (Catlin & Cunningham, 1961 ;Siddiqui & Goldberg, 1975;Hoke & Vedros, 1982), would perhaps be possible but is likely to be an extremely rare occurrence.…”

Section: Phenonsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Some of these arylamidase reactions appeared more indicative of Moraxella than Neisseria and phenon 25 might possibly represent neisserias that have been transformed by strains of Moraxella species. Whilst it is known that the 'true neisserias' are closely related genetically and are distinct from the 'false neisserias' and Branhamella (Catlin & Cunningham, 1961 ;Bsvre, 1065;Hoke & Vedros, 1982), their genetic relations with Moraxella do not appear to have been examined in any detail and this may be worth further study.…”

Section: Phenonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A numerical phenotypic taxonomic study of the genus Neisseria

Barrett

Sneath

1994

Microbiology

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A numerical phenotypic taxonomic study of 315 strains of Neisseria and some allied bacteria examined for 155 phenotypic tests showed 31 groups, most of which were reasonably distinct. These fell into four major areas. Areas A, B and C contained species of Neisseria, whereas area D contained the organisms known as 'false neisserias' together with Branhamella, Moraxella and Kingella species. Area A contained N. gonorrhoeae (which showed two subgroups), N. meningitidis (with two subgroups, and N. cinerea closely associated), N. polysaccharea, N. elongata subsp. glycolytica and N. lactamica. Area B contained mainly organisms from the human nasopharynx, and the nine groups were not very distinct: only three, N. mucosa, N. perflava and N. sicca could be recognized by the presence of type strains, and there was little relationship between taxonomic position and species epithets. Area C contained several groups from animals, N. animalis, N. canis and two phenons that may be justified as new species of Neisseria, one from lizards and the other from dental plaque of herbivores. Area C also contained N. elongata, N. subflava (with N. flavescens), type strain of Morococcus cerebrosis and the CDC groups M-5 (N. weaverfi and EF-4. Area D contained Branhamella catarrhah, a combined group which consists of strains of the 'false neisserias' N. caviae and N. cuniculi, the 'false neisseria' N. ovis, and a group of Moraxella strains. A small group representing Kingella kingae is included in area D. Mean test error was 1.7%.

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Section: Phenonsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Phenonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A numerical phenotypic taxonomic study of the genus Neisseria

Barrett

Sneath

1994

Microbiology

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“…sicca was interpreted as random occurrences rather than a real reflection of species relationships. Because of the numerous bands resolved in these gels it In certain respects the specificity shown to exist between the profiles of the two species of Neisseria contradict the genetic evidence (5,11,12) for their taxonomic relatedness. The results suggest that the electrophoretic technique is also inadequate to confirm a natural taxonomic relatedness between M. cryophilus and the Neisseriaceae which is otherwise indicated on the grounds of close cytological and DNA base content similarities (1 6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The problematical status in the taxonomy of the gram-negative cocci Neisseria catarrhalis (1,5 ) and Micrococcus cryophilus (14) has been described, and a suggestion for their possible taxonomic relatedness has been proposed (1 6). Catlin and Cunningham (5) reported N. catarrhalis to be an atypical neisseria based on its deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) base composition of 4 1% guanine plus cytosine (G + C) compared to 50% G + C for other neisseriae and by its negligible interspecies transformation frequencies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Taxonomic Relationship of Micrococcus cryophilus, Branhamella catarrhalis, and Neisseriae by Comparative Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of Soluble Proteins

Fox

McClain

1974

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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Electrophoretic profiles of soluble proteins derived from seven strains of Bran ham el la ca tarr halis, N e isseria perflava, Neisseria sicca, an d the psy c hr o p hile ,Micrococcus cry ophilus, were compared. The profiles produced from the strains of Branhamella catarrhalis showed a marked similarity except for that of strain Ne4 (ATCC 23246) which was distinguishable from those of the other six strains. Species-specific profiles demonstrating no characteristic species-related banding patterns were obtained from the soluble proteins of N. perflava and N. sicca.The profile from M. cryophilus was likewise specific and species distinct from those of the other bacteria tested. Identification of natural taxonomic interrelationships between these bacteria as determined by the electrophoretic separation of proteins are discussed.The problematical status in the taxonomy of the gram-negative cocci Neisseria catarrhalis (1,5 ) and Micrococcus cryophilus (14) has been described, and a suggestion for their possible taxonomic relatedness has been proposed (1 6). Catlin and Cunningham (5) reported N. catarrhalis to be an atypical neisseria based on its deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) base composition of 4 1% guanine plus cytosine (G + C) compared to 50% G + C for other neisseriae and by its negligible interspecies transformation frequencies. However, high transformation frequencies between strains of this species were reported (6). Later evidence demonstrated a phenotypic homogeneity among the strains of N . catarrhalis (1) and little hybridization of the DNA from this species with the DNA from other genetically related species of the genus (1 1, 12). These facts led Catlin (4) to propose that the currently recognized species N. catarrhalis be taxonomically relocated to the new genus Branhamella gen. nov., within the family Neisseriaceae. The type species is designated as B. catarrhah comb. nov. This designation will be used throughout this paper.The psychrophile M. cryophilus has become a taxonomic enigma within the genus Micrococcus since Mazenec et al. (14) reported on the cytological characterization of this bacterium. This psychrophile was described as possessing a capsule, its cells arranged pre- dominantly in pairs and tetrads, and displaying a gram-negative appearance in its cell wall ultrastructure. These properties were not shown to be characteristic for the type species, M. luteus. Recently, Sleytr and Kocur (16) described similar observations in the fine structure of M. cryophilus. Moreover, these investigators recognized a close similarity in the fine structure of M. cryophilus to that described earlier (10) for various neisseriae, but especially B. catarrhalis. Accordingly, it was proposed (1 6 ) that M. cryophilus be taxonomically reassigned among the nonsaccharolytic Neisseriaceae. This, together with similarities in DNA base contents of 41% G + C for both M. cryophilus (2) and B.catarrhah (1, 3, 5), was viewed as further evidence t o advance this taxonomic shift.The purpose of this study was to determine wheth...

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“…Some members of the genus Neisseria are generally accepted as being atypical species with uncertain taxonomic status (Catlin & Cunningham, 1961 ; LaMacchia & Pelczar, 1966; Baumann, Doudoroff & Stanier, I 968). Among these species Neisseria catarrhalis has recently been reassigned as the only representative of the newly created genus Branhamella (Catlin, 1970) and designated as B. catarrhalis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme Electrophoretograms in the Analysis of Taxon Relatedness of Micrococcus Cryophilus, Branhamella Catarrhalis and Atypical Neisserias

Fox¹,

McClain²

1975

Journal of General Microbiology

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S U M M A R YExtracts were prepared from Micrococcus cryophilus, several strains of Branhamella catarrhalis and Neisseria spp. Esterases, NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase activities were assayed after electrophoresis of extracts of polyacrylamide gels. Except for Neisseria perflava and N. sicca which resolved activity bands for the acetate-esterase only, the remaining bacteria exhibited species-specific esterase patterns also for the propionate and butyrate substrates. The multiple esterase patterns from B. catarrhalis ATCC25238 were qualitatively and quantitatively different from those of B. catarrhalis A~cc23246. This finding and other evidence supports a taxonomic shift of the latter to a species level of that genus. The atypical neisserias N. caviae and N. ovis appeared to exhibit an intrageneric specificity in their esterase patterns with those from B. catarrhalis but not to the other Neisseria spp. tested. The malate dehydrogenase patterns from the atypical neisserias and B. catarrhah ATCC23246 were qualitatively similar ; however, the patterns of isocitrate dehydrogenase activity were variable for these species. Micrococcus cryophilus was distinct in its esterase and dehydrogenase bands, strongly suggesting its taxon unrelatedness to the genus Branhamella or the atypical neisserias. Of the enzymes assayed, esterase proved to be the most reliable for taxonomic identifications.

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Transforming Activities and Base Contents of Deoxyribo-nucleate Preparations from Various Neisseriae

Cited by 102 publications

References 19 publications

A numerical phenotypic taxonomic study of the genus Neisseria

A numerical phenotypic taxonomic study of the genus Neisseria

Evaluation of the Taxonomic Relationship of Micrococcus cryophilus, Branhamella catarrhalis, and Neisseriae by Comparative Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of Soluble Proteins

Enzyme Electrophoretograms in the Analysis of Taxon Relatedness of Micrococcus Cryophilus, Branhamella Catarrhalis and Atypical Neisserias

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