Transformation of the relief of territories of development of gas mining deposits of the Taza peninsula

Abstract

The article discusses the natural conditions of the territory of the Taz peninsula in order to highlight the main natural factors in the transformation of the relief. Special attention is paid to the characteristics of permafrost and cryogenic processes and phenomena observed in this area. The characteristic of geological rocks that make up this territory is given. The influence of the hydrometeorological conditions of the Taz Peninsula is estimated. The main factors of the natural environment that determine the formation of a layer of seasonal melting are: the lithological composition and properties of soils, vegetation cover, topography, surface drainage. The main factor determining the heterogeneity of the soil temperature regime is the spatial unevenness of the snow cover thickness in this area depending on the microrelief of the region and vegetation. The influence of the anthropogenic factor on the transformation of the relief is substantiated. Three categories of violations were identified: areal (occurs during the development of fields and the construction of industrial transport facilities and other types of infrastructure); linear (when laying transport communications); and linear area (in the construction of industrial and residential facilities and a network of transport communications). The most common geomorphological processes on the territory of the Taz peninsula, activating the anthropogenic factor, are soil freezing and thermokarst caused by cryogenic processes, landslide processes and erosion, and more rarely deflation. The development of mineral deposits on the territory of the Taz Peninsula is accompanied by the construction of infrastructure for exploration and production, transportation facilities (pipelines, roads, power lines), and industrial and residential facilities. All these types of anthropogenic impact create pressure on the environment and its transformation, especially in conditions of weak stability of geosystems. Geological cryological zoning of the territory for the development of gas pipeline routes has been proposed. Priority activities in developed areas should include: recultivation of disturbed areas - restoration of damaged soil and vegetation cover, natural and geological environment, engineering and geocryological zoning, designed to develop plans for the development of the territory.