Transformation of the ground cover after surface fires and estimation of pyrogenic carbon emissions in the dark-coniferous forests of Central Siberia

Kukavskaya, Elena; Buryak, L. V.; Kalenskaya, O. P.; Zarubin, Denis

doi:10.1134/s1995425517010073

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Because of the differences in spatial coverage, a direct comparison of the total burned area estimated by this project and those by previous studies is not feasible. However, in terms of the proportion of NSR fires, taken into account the fact that surface fires include not only NSR but also SR fires, our result (54%) is consistent with those yielded by previous studies, which almost uniformly suggested that surface fires cover more areas than SR fires (Korovin 1996, de Groot et al 2013, Kukavskaya et al 2013, Kukavskaya et al 2017. The mapping accuracy of NSR fires is inevitably affected by uncertainties.…”

Section: Mapping Nsr Fires In Siberian Larch Forestssupporting

confidence: 91%

Surface forcing of non-stand-replacing fires in Siberian larch forests

Chen

Loboda

2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wildfires are the dominant disturbance agent in the Siberian larch forests. Extensive low-to mediate-intensity non-stand-replacing fires are a notable property of fire regime in these forests. Recent large scale studies of these fires have focused mostly on their impacts on carbon budget; however, their potential impacts on energy budget through post-fire albedo changes have not been considered. This study quantifies the post-fire surface forcing for Siberian larch forests that experienced non-stand-replacing fires between 2001 and 2012 using the full record of MODIS MCD43A3 albedo product and a burned area product developed specifically for the Russian forests. Despite a large variability, the mean effect of non-stand-replacing fires imposed through albedo is a negative forcing which lasts for at least 14 years. However, the magnitude of the forcing is much smaller than that imposed by stand-replacing fires, highlighting the importance of differentiating between the two fire types in the studies involving the fire impacts in the region. The results of this study also show that MODIS-based summer differenced normalized burn ratio (dNBR) provides a reliable metric for differentiating non-stand-replacing from stand-replacing fires with an overall accuracy of 88%, which is of considerable importance for future work on modeling post-fire energy budget and carbon budget in the region.

show abstract

Section: Mapping Nsr Fires In Siberian Larch Forestssupporting

confidence: 91%

Surface forcing of non-stand-replacing fires in Siberian larch forests

Chen

Loboda

2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…According to the studies in Siberia, the fraction of belowground to the total combustion was about 65% in Siberian pine forests and 75% in larchdominated forests [19]. The fraction was about 70% in larch forests of northeastern Siberia underlain by continuous permafrost [64], and about 51% in darkconiferous forests of central Siberia, underlain by sporadic and isolated permafrost [65], demonstrating higher fraction of belowground combustion over continuous permafrost as measured at ABoVE sites (figure 3(c)). It has been reported that the number of available field measurements on carbon combustion from wildfires in Arctic-boreal Eurasia is one order of magnitude smaller than that in North America [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Recent massive expansion of wildfire and its impact on active layer over pan-Arctic permafrost

Zhu

Jia

2023

Environ. Res. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wildfire is recognized as an increasing threat to southern boreal forest and permafrost beneath it while less occurring over the cold continuous permafrost before. However, we show continuous permafrost was a major contribution to the wildfire expansion in pan-Arctic over the last two decades. The expansion rate of burned area over continuous permafrost was 0.9Mha decade-1, in contrast to a decreasing trend (-0.5Mha decade-1) over the entire permafrost areas. Burned area has been rapidly growing in the north of Arctic Circle in particular, where the total burned area in the major fire seasons during 2011-2020 nearly doubled that during 2001-2010. The wildfire expansion is closely linked to increased soil moisture deficit, considering wildfires there combust more than 90% of belowground fuel. Continuous permafrost experiences more severe fire-induced degradation. Active layer thickening following wildfire over continuous permafrost lasts more than three decades to reach a maximum of more than triple the pre-fire thickness. These new findings highlight the massive expansion of wildfires over continuous permafrost, which can dramatically modify ecological processes, disturb organic carbon stock, and thus accelerate the positive feedback between permafrost degradation and climate warming.

show abstract

“…Since the release of the field measurement synthesis by van Leeuwen et al (2014), a substantial number of new field observations have become available, increasing the number of field data entries in our updated synthesis database to a total of 1321 (Table 2). Most new field data became available for the boreal region as a result of a synthesis effort sponsored by NASA's ABoVE campaign for boreal North America (Dieleman et al, 2020a, b;Walker et al, 2020) and additional field campaigns in Siberia (Kukavskaya et al, 2017;Veraverbeke et al, 2021). Furthermore, recent field campaigns in Africa have roughly doubled the available measurements for the savanna biomes (Eames et al, 2021;Russell-Smith et al, 2021).…”

Section: Comparison To Field Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global biomass burning fuel consumption and emissions at 500 m spatial resolution based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED)

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. In fire emission models, the spatial resolution of both the modelling framework and the satellite data used to quantify burned area can have considerable impact on emission estimates. Consideration of this sensitivity is especially important in areas with heterogeneous land cover and fire regimes and when constraining model output with field measurements. We developed a global fire emissions model with a spatial resolution of 500 m using MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data. To accommodate this spatial resolution, our model is based on a simplified version of the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED) modelling framework. Tree mortality as a result of fire, i.e. fire-related forest loss, was modelled based on the overlap between 30 m forest loss data and MODIS burned area and active fire detections. Using this new 500 m model, we calculated global average carbon emissions from fire of 2.1±0.2 (±1σ interannual variability, IAV) Pg C yr−1 during 2002–2020. Fire-related forest loss accounted for 2.6±0.7 % (uncertainty range =1.9 %–3.3 %) of global burned area and 24±6 % (uncertainty range =16 %–31 %) of emissions, indicating that fuel consumption in forest fires is an order of magnitude higher than the global average. Emissions from the combustion of soil organic carbon (SOC) in the boreal region and tropical peatlands accounted for 13±4 % of global emissions. Our global fire emissions estimate was higher than the 1.5 Pg C yr−1 from GFED4 and similar to 2.1 Pg C yr−1 from GFED4s. Even though GFED4s included more burned area by accounting for small fires undetected by the MODIS burned area mapping algorithm, our emissions were similar to GFED4s due to higher average fuel consumption. The global difference in fuel consumption could mainly be explained by higher SOC emissions from the boreal region as constrained by additional measurements. The higher resolution of the 500 m model also contributed to the difference by improving the simulation of landscape heterogeneity and reducing the scale mismatch in comparing field measurements to model grid cell averages during model calibration. Furthermore, the fire-related forest loss algorithm introduced in our model led to more accurate and widespread estimation of high-fuel-consumption burned area. Recent advances in burned area detection at resolutions of 30 m and finer show a substantial amount of burned area that remains undetected with 500 m sensors, suggesting that global carbon emissions from fire are likely higher than our 500 m estimates. The ability to model fire emissions at 500 m resolution provides a framework for further improvements with the development of new satellite-based estimates of fuels, burned area, and fire behaviour, for use in the next generation of GFED.

show abstract

Transformation of the ground cover after surface fires and estimation of pyrogenic carbon emissions in the dark-coniferous forests of Central Siberia

Cited by 13 publications

References 13 publications

Surface forcing of non-stand-replacing fires in Siberian larch forests

Surface forcing of non-stand-replacing fires in Siberian larch forests

Recent massive expansion of wildfire and its impact on active layer over pan-Arctic permafrost

Global biomass burning fuel consumption and emissions at 500 m spatial resolution based on the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About