Transformation of Seafood Side-Streams and Residuals into Valuable Products

Abstract

Seafood processing creates enormous amounts of side-streams. This review deals with the use of seafood side-streams for transformation into valuable products and identifies suitable approaches for making use of it for different purposes. Starting at the stage of catching fish to its selling point, many of the fish parts, such as head, skin, tail, fillet cut-offs, and the viscera, are wasted. These parts are rich in proteins, enzymes, healthy fatty acids such as monounsaturated and polyunsaturated ones, gelatin, and collagen. The valuable biochemical composition makes it worth discussing paths through which seafood side-streams can be turned into valuable products. Drawbacks, as well as challenges of different aquacultures, demonstrate the importance of using the various side-streams to produce valuable compounds to improve economic performance efficiency and sustainability of aquaculture. In this review, conventional and novel utilization approaches, as well as a combination of both, have been identified, which will lead to the development of sustainable production chains and the emergence of new bio-based products in the future.

Green Chemistry to Valorize Seafood Side Streams: An Ecofriendly Roadmap toward Sustainability

“…The biorefinery approach involving multiple processes as a circular economy business model aims to total utilization of the raw material at higher efficiency at reduced production costs. This ensures sustainability and economic benefits besides protecting the environment. ,, The bioconversion of feedstock on a zero-waste strategy involves essentially three steps, known as “3R”, namely, “reuse-remake-recycle” . A marine biorefinery envisages integration of green methods for recovery of various ingredients present in marine resources, essentially through a circular blue economy framework .…”

“…Their implementation, however, requires expertise in all stages of manufacturing in addition to a clear vision of all raw materials, residues, and products. Ocean-based industries are adopting new sustainable production models, particularly biorefineries, which are effective for converting low-value biomass into commercially relevant byproducts. − …”

“…This ensures sustainability and economic benefits besides protecting the environment. 35,131,132 The bioconversion of feedstock on a zero-waste strategy involves essentially three steps, known as "3R", namely, "reuse-remake-recycle". 22 A marine biorefinery envisages integration of green methods for recovery of various ingredients present in marine resources, essentially through a circular blue economy framework.…”

Extraction of bioactive compounds from Peruvian purple corn cob by high isostatic pressure

“…The results obtained in the present study for the TAC in the extracts were higher than those reported by Muangrat et al (2018) for Thai purple corn cob extracts processed by ultrasound (ultrasonic probes, 20 kHz / 500 W / 30 min), and by Itthisoponkul et al (2018) for aqueous extracts of Thai purple corn cob processed by HIP (200 MPa / 25 °C / 15 minutes). According to Dukić et al (2022), ultrasonic extraction through ultrasonic probes implies direct contact of the probe with the analyte and constant cooling of the sample, therefore, this can lead to the degradation of the thermolabile components and thus affect the reduction of the content of valuable molecules; while in high isostatic pressure, the pressure transfer being simultaneous and uniform at all points of the sample implies induced damage to the cell matrix, greater permeability and consequently the release of bioactive compounds bound to the matrix (Siddiqui et al, 2023). On the other hand, Tatiane et al (2023) mention that the high pressure also allows the solvent to remain in a liquid state and above its boiling point, being sufficiently capable of helping it penetrate the plant matrix and achieve greater extraction.…”

Protein Hydrolysates from Fishery Processing By-Products: Production, Characteristics, Food Applications, and Challenges

“…One focus has been peptides from marine sources (fish, shellfish, and invertebrates) with antioxidant activity [7][8][9][10]. Antioxidant peptides have an essential role in inhibiting oxidation and scavenging free radicals.…”