Transformation ofPanglima Laotin Aceh: FromPunggawato Customary Institution

Abstract

This paper discusses how Panglima Laot transformed into the republic from kingdom era. During the kingdom era, Panglima Laot had an important role in the maritime sector, particularly in collecting vessel excise. However, during the Dutch Colonial military penetration, Panglima Laot had adapted to the war situation. After the independence, it adapted to the different situation where kingdoms were no longer exist. This political change transformed Panglima Laot in terms of function, value and position as a form of adaptation. This study uses historical method, especially analyzing local as well as the colonial sources. It also included journal as the reference. This study shows that Panglima Laot gradually transformed based on certain phase. During the war phase, Panglima Laot transformed into the war force to face the Dutch military penetration. After the independence, Panglima Laot had to adapt once again, it transforms into a customary institution serving for the fishermen within the traditional corridor. Panglima Laot eventually becomes the maritime culture of the Kingdom of Aceh for Indonesia. The existence of Panglima Laot as a customary institution managing the coastal area is recognized by the Country in the law.

Chances and Challenges of Local Wisdom as a Management Model Toward Sustainable Fisheries

“…At the beginning of the formation in the 14th century during the Samudera Pasai kingdom (the oldest Islamic kingdom in Indonesia's history), Panglima laot was sultanate's officers who were responsible for two main tasks: regulating activities related to sea (sea fishing, excise from merchant ships, wages, etc.) and mobilize people in the sake of war [11]. One of the research conducted by Abdullah, Arifin, and Tripa [12] also stated that the historical study of Panglima laot shows that his rule was based on an area called lhok or Muara (estuary).…”

Cultural Resistance and Sharia-Based Ecology in the Fishing Community in Aceh

“…In the same tone, Nazaruddin and Gurning view Panglima Laot as a 'figure' that will guard the continuity of managing natural resources on the coast (Gurning, 2017). Meanwhile, Mahendra et al view that the existence of Panglima Laot continues to change, both in terms of roles and responsibilities that have developed from a long history of 400 years (Utama et al, 2020). Second, many have also examined the roles and responsibilities of the panglima laot in Aceh.…”