Transferrin receptors and glioblastoma multiforme: Current findings and potential for treatment

Voth, Brittany; Nagasawa, Daniel T.; Pelargos, Panayiotis; Chung, Lawrance K.; Ung, Nolan; Gopen, Quinton; Tenn, Stephen; Kamei, Daniel T.; Yang, Isaac

doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2015.02.002

Cited by 62 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…However, the relationship between miR-504 and TFRC has not been reported previously. Therefore, we further investigated TFRC, a transferrin receptor controlling the iron uptake in cells, which is required for the proliferation of GBM cells [60, 61]. It was experimentally demonstrated that miR-504 targets MYCBP [62], stimulating c-MYC transcription activity on E-box [63, 64], and TFRC is regulated by c-MYC [65].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of MicroRNA, mRNA, and Protein Expression Data for the Identification of Cancer-Related MicroRNAs

et al. 2017

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are responsible for the regulation of target genes involved in various biological processes, and may play oncogenic or tumor suppressive roles. Many studies have investigated the relationships between miRNAs and their target genes, using mRNA and miRNA expression data. However, mRNA expression levels do not necessarily represent the exact gene expression profiles, since protein translation may be regulated in several different ways. Despite this, large-scale protein expression data have been integrated rarely when predicting gene-miRNA relationships. This study explores two approaches for the investigation of gene-miRNA relationships by integrating mRNA expression and protein expression data. First, miRNAs were ranked according to their effects on cancer development. We calculated influence scores for each miRNA, based on the number of significant mRNA-miRNA and protein-miRNA correlations. Furthermore, we constructed modules containing mRNAs, proteins, and miRNAs, in which these three molecular types are highly correlated. The regulatory interactions between miRNA and genes in these modules have been validated based on the direct regulations, indirect regulations, and co-regulations through transcription factors. We applied our approaches to glioblastomas (GBMs), ranked miRNAs depending on their effects on GBM, and obtained 52 GBM-related modules. Compared with the miRNA rankings and modules constructed using only mRNA expression data, the rankings and modules constructed using mRNA and protein expression data were shown to have better performance. Additionally, we experimentally verified that miR-504, highly ranked and included in the identified modules, plays a suppressive role in GBM development. We demonstrated that the integration of both expression profiles allows a more precise analysis of gene-miRNA interactions and the identification of a higher number of cancer-related miRNAs and regulatory mechanisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of MicroRNA, mRNA, and Protein Expression Data for the Identification of Cancer-Related MicroRNAs

et al. 2017

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“…Under normal physiological conditions, TfRs exclusively bind and enable entry of endogenous transferrin, whilst excluding many drugs and recombinant proteins [49]. TfRs are highly overexpressed by GBM tumour cells [50] and may be exploited as a target for systemic NP drug delivery, by raising antibodies against TfRs and the use of transferrin as a ligand-targeting moiety [49]. Friden et al intravenously delivered methotrexate (MTX) across Sprague-Dawley rat BBB using anti-transferrin receptor monoclonal antibody (OX-26), to selectively target TfR-expressing cells [51].…”

Section: Exploiting Energy-dependent Pathwaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery across the blood-brain barrier: nanomedicine for glioblastoma multiforme

Jena

McErlean

McCarthy

2019

Drug Deliv. and Transl. Res.

117

103

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The malignant brain cancer, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is heterogeneous, infiltrative, and associated with chemo-and radioresistance. Despite pharmacological advances, prognosis is poor. Delivery into the brain is hampered by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which limits the efficacy of both conventional and novel therapies at the target site. Current treatments for GBM remain palliative rather than curative; therefore, innovative delivery strategies are required and nanoparticles (NPs) are at the forefront of future solutions. Since the FDA approval of Doxil® (1995) and Abraxane (2005), the first generation of nanomedicines, development of nano-based therapies as anti-cancer treatments has escalated. A new generation of NPs has been investigated to efficiently deliver therapeutic agents to the brain, overcoming the restrictive properties of the BBB. This review discusses obstacles encountered with systemic administration along with integration of NPs incorporated with conventional and emerging treatments. Barriers to brain drug delivery, NP transport mechanisms across the BBB, effect of opsonisation on NPs administered systemically, and peptides as NP systems are addressed. Keywords BBB. Cell penetrating peptides. Drug delivery. GBM. Nanoparticle. RALA Abbreviations Au PENP P o l y e t h y l e n e i m i n e-e n t r a p p e d g o l d nanoparticles Au Gold BBB Blood-brain barrier Bcl-2 B cell lymphoma-2 BCRP Breast cancer resistance protein BMEC Brain microvascular endothelial cell c(RGD) Cyclic (arginine-glycine-aspartic acid) peptide C h o l-P C L-LNP PEGylated cleavage lipopeptide CNS Central nervous system CPP Cell penetrating peptide D M-P C L-LNP Dimyristoyl anchored PEGylated MMPcleavable lipopeptide DSPE 1 , 2-D i s t e a r o y l-s n-g l y c e r o-3phosphoethanolamine DTC Dithiolane-functionalized trimethylene carbonate EB

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“…It is believed that such molecules could be potential biomarkers and/or targets for chemotherapy. The use of malignant cell lines and technologies of modern biochemistry is an effective basis for searching for key molecules ex vivo [77][78][79][80][81][82] . Ex vivo culture systems in experimental oncology are also used for study of potential anticancer drugs.…”

Section: Human Malignant Cells and Post-genomic Technologies In Expermentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Biochemistry in Research of Human Malignant Cells and Experimental Oncology

Шишкин

2016

Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research

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characteristics and the gene expression patterns. Thus, the use of malignant cell lines ex vivo (as models of human cancers) is an important trend in search for key molecules of carcinogenesis in experimental oncology. EDITORIALThe biochemistry has a place of honor among the life sciences largely due to its fantastic success in 20 th century. Traditional biochemistry started with the study of chemical components of living organisms and their metabolism that provides life itself, and with description of the main types of biopolymers and other biomolecules. At that time technologies allowing to determine sequence of monomers in complex polymers such as nucleic acids and proteins (sequencing technologies) were designed. As a result, in the 80s of the 20 th century the entire human mitochondrial genome was identified, heavy and light mitochondrial DNA strands maps were constructed and their nucleotide sequences were determined [1,2] . Further similar studies were concerned with the complete genome sequencing of different bacteria and some eukaryotes [3][4][5] . In the last decade of 20 th century the DNA sequencing of the human nuclear genome was started that influenced the development of the life sciences [6][7][8] . To achieve the goal of determining the DNA sequence of the entire human genome the considerable resources of the international ABSTRACTModern biochemistry or biochemistry of 21th century is developing in many traditional fields: investigations of proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates, metabolites and metabolic processes, etc, however it has gained new features that based on success of Human Genome Project and on application of high performance technologies (post-genomic technologies). As a result, at the turn of the 21st century some new scientific disciplines, named "OMICS" (proteomics, transcriptomics, lipidomics, glycomics, metabolomics, etc) were created through advances in the biochemistry. Currently "OMICS" and post-genomic technologies are involved in mainstream of cancer research, including studies of human malignant cells. Since malignant tumors consist of heterogeneous cancer cells, the cultured cell lines have some advantages over biopsy simples for studies aimed at understanding the molecular basis of carcinogenesis. The malignant human cell lines differ considerably in their origin from tissues or organs, and therefore they vary widely in the differentiation EDITORIAL

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Transferrin receptors and glioblastoma multiforme: Current findings and potential for treatment

Cited by 62 publications

References 78 publications

Integration of MicroRNA, mRNA, and Protein Expression Data for the Identification of Cancer-Related MicroRNAs

Integration of MicroRNA, mRNA, and Protein Expression Data for the Identification of Cancer-Related MicroRNAs

Delivery across the blood-brain barrier: nanomedicine for glioblastoma multiforme

Modern Biochemistry in Research of Human Malignant Cells and Experimental Oncology

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