“…We can better understand psychopathology, as well as better focus our interventions with patients, by tracking the ebb and fl ow of symbolizing versus de-symbolizing as they occur within the analytic encounter (Lasky, 2002). One might argue that action is ubiquitous in the analytic interaction (Aron, 1996;Boesky, 1990;Ellman and Moskowitz, 1998;Jacobs, 1986Jacobs, , 1991Levenson, 1972;McLaughlin, 1981;Ogden, 1982) and that the discrepancy between words and action is an important surface.…”