Transfer testing after serial feature-ambiguous discrimination in Pavlovian keypeck conditioning

Nakajima, Sadahiko

doi:10.3758/bf03209848

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Faster acquisition of the FP subtask than of the FN subtask replicated the same pattern observed by Holland (1991;Holland & Reeve, 1991) in an instrumental preparation with rats, but Pavlovian preparations with pigeons (Nakajima, 1992(Nakajima, , 1994(Nakajima, , 1997Rescorla, 1993) have shown no difference or the opposite pattern. Further research is required to clarify whether this disparity is caused by the difference in the preparations, in the species, or in other aspects of the procedures.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Differential Outcomes Effect on Instrumental Serial Feature-Ambiguous Discrimination in Rats

Nakajima

Kobayashi

2000

Psychol Rec

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Two groups of rats were trained to press the lever in a serial feature-ambiguous (FA) task. A feature stimulus (X) signaled reinforcement during one target stimulus that was otherwise nonreinforced (a feature-positive or FP discrimination component), but X signaled nonreinforcement during another target stimulus that was otherwise reinforced (a feature-negative or FN discrimination component) . Two different reinforcers, pellets and sucrose solution, were employed for the FP and FN components in a differential outcomes group, whereas they were randomly chosen for the FP and FN components in a mixed outcomes group. The differential group showed better discrimination performance than the mixed group. Implications for underlying mechanisms of the DOE in general and of conditioned modulation are discussed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Differential Outcomes Effect on Instrumental Serial Feature-Ambiguous Discrimination in Rats

Nakajima

Kobayashi

2000

Psychol Rec

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“…Would alcohol increase the probability of smoking? One feature of "occasion setters" is that they are able to transfer their conditional control to novel situations [8,18,19,25,32,33,34,43,44], thus the alcohol feature may facilitate or increase the probability of goal seeking-i.e., acquiring and smoking a cigarette in this example.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitation by drug states does not depend on acquired excitatory strength

Palmatier

Bevins

2007

Behavioural Brain Research

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Three experiments examined the effects of drug-extinction when a drug state served as a conditional stimulus (CS) for sucrose delivery or as a positive feature for pairings between a discrete CS (e.g., 15-s light-on) and sucrose. Some conditioning models predict that drug state will facilitate the conditional response (CR) based on an association with sucrose whether the drug is trained as a CS or as a facilitator. If so, repeated presentation of the drug state alone (drug-extinction) should decrease the CR in both situations. Nicotine (0.4mg/kg), amphetamine (AMP, 1mg/kg), and chlordiazepoxide (CDP, 5mg/kg) facilitated a goal tracking conditioned response to the discrete CS; however, AMP and CDP did not evoke reliable responding without an interposed stimulus, suggesting that associations between these drug states and sucrose are not expressed as anticipatory food seeking (goal tracking). Repeated presentation of each drug state alone did not disrupt facilitation by nicotine, amphetamine, or CDP; suggesting that the drug states did not facilitate goal tracking based on a direct association with sucrose. This latter finding implicates a higher-order or non-associative mechanism for facilitation of anticipatory food seeking by drug states in this Pavlovian discrimination task.

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“…In Japan, Nakajima (1992Nakajima ( , 1993Nakajima ( , 1994aNakajima ( , 1994bNakajima ( , 1997cNakajima ( , 1998b) studied occasion setting in pigeons' autoshaping, where birds can learn that a tone feature signals whether an illuminated disk (a CS) on the wall predicts delivery of food (a US) or not. A series of Nakajima's research have two purposes.…”

Section: Occasion Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, Nakajima (1992Nakajima ( , 1997cNakajima ( , 1998b tried to elucidate the underlying mechanism of occasion setting. According to Rescorla (1979Rescorla ( , 1985, a feature modulates activation threshold of the US representation for the CS to elicit strong or weak responding (Figure 1a).…”

Section: Occasion Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All six birds of Nakajima (1992) learned this task, supporting Holland's hypothesis. Nakajima (1997c) also argued occasion setting is specific to a given CS-US association, because a feature did not transfer its effect on a separately trained CS (see also Nakajima, 1998b). A second aim of Nakajima's research was to explore the possibility of higher-order occasion setting in animals.…”

Section: Occasion Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associative learning in animals: A selective review of recent topics and contribution of Japanese researchers¹

Nakajima

2004

Jpn Psychol Res

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This article addressed several important topics in the field of associative learning in nonhuman animals: event contingency, associative retardation (learned helplessness and irrelevance), occasion setting, renewal of extinguished responses, acquired equivalence and distinctiveness, differential outcome effect, and retrospective inference. These topics have been studied with Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning preparations as behavioral test tubes for assessing animals' cognitive abilities. The empiric data are suggesting highly cognitive abilities of animals in event processing. This article also reviewed studies conducted by Japanese psychologists taking the modern associationists approach. Although activities of Japanese researchers in this field of research are high, they are required to make a more unique contribution to the field.

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Transfer testing after serial feature-ambiguous discrimination in Pavlovian keypeck conditioning

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Differential Outcomes Effect on Instrumental Serial Feature-Ambiguous Discrimination in Rats

Differential Outcomes Effect on Instrumental Serial Feature-Ambiguous Discrimination in Rats

Facilitation by drug states does not depend on acquired excitatory strength

Associative learning in animals: A selective review of recent topics and contribution of Japanese researchers¹

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Transfer testing after serial feature-ambiguous discrimination in Pavlovian keypeck conditioning

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Differential Outcomes Effect on Instrumental Serial Feature-Ambiguous Discrimination in Rats

Differential Outcomes Effect on Instrumental Serial Feature-Ambiguous Discrimination in Rats

Facilitation by drug states does not depend on acquired excitatory strength

Associative learning in animals: A selective review of recent topics and contribution of Japanese researchers1

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Associative learning in animals: A selective review of recent topics and contribution of Japanese researchers¹