Transfer of various PCDDs and PCDFs via placenta and mother's milk to marmoset offspring

Persistent hematologic and immunologic disturbances in 8-year-old Dutch children associated with perinatal dioxin exposure.

“…These polychlorinated aromatic compounds are highly lipophilic and in mammals are stored primarily in adipose tissues. Their lipophilicity allows them to readily pass the placenta, whereupon they are stored in fetal adipose tissues (Krowke et al 1990;van Wijnen et al 1990).…”

Risks and Management of Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds in Baltic Sea Fish: An Integrated Assessment

“…There is less information on the pharmacokinetics of other DLCs than TCDD, including PCBs, and on mixtures of DLCs especially in chronic exposures , Krowke et al 1990, Darnerud et al 1996b, Kodavanti et al 1998, van der Plas et al 1998, Korner et al 2002. The total effect of congener-specific kinetics is thus difficult to elucidate.…”

“…Growth causes some dilution and redistribution. Marked changes in body levels of DLCs are seen in mammals during pregnancy as mothers release much of their body burden to the child through      placenta and in milk (Krowke et al 1990). specifically reported dose-dependent transfer from rat dams to pups of a DLC mixture approximating that in food, concluding that extrapolation from high to low doses may underpredict the exposure of offspring.…”

Placental Transport of Dioxins from Mother to Fetus

“…Thus, from the above-men tioned data, the content of dioxins and furans is probably between 10 and 20% of the con centration in the mother's adipose tissue. The measurements were done in the pla centa and in the liver and adipose tissue of preterm babies and of a 3-month-old baby who did not get breastmilk (fresh frozen samples, taken shortly after death) [6] and the data are shown in table 1. HI-4 are still born premature babies of ± 30 weeks gesta tional age.…”