Transfer of the chlorinated hydrocarbon PCB in a laboratory marine food chain

Theilacker, Gail H.

doi:10.1007/bf00395724

Cited by 39 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Various studies have revealed that the significance of the dietary organochlorine contaminants in top predators is due to food chain transfer. Larvae of winter flounder, Pseudopleuronectes americanus, fed the contaminated Artemia nauplii for 25 d were found to bioaccumulate organochlorine compounds in all 25 treatment groups (Scura and Theilacker 1977). Body burdens of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) were also shown to have the highest accumulation rates for DDT's when the larvae fed on Artemia nauplii containing apparent organochlorine residues (Westin et al 1985).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation and Depuration of DDTs in the Food Chain from Artemia to Brook Trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis )

Wang

Simpson

1996

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation and Depuration of DDTs in the Food Chain from Artemia to Brook Trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis )

Wang

Simpson

1996

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

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“…Only one study was found that examined PCB biomagnification from producer to primary consumer (ITC = 0.2) (Scura and Theilacker 1977). Accumulation of PCBs from both food and water compartments has been demonstrated (Kalmaz and Kalmaz 1979), and TIC values calculated in this review (except for one laboratory study) ranged between 0.1 and 6.8, with 87% (13 of 15) of the studies having TICs >1.0.…”

Section: F Polychlorinated Biphenylsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Hamelink and Waybrant (1976) observed no biomagnifica- Scura and Theilacker (1977) ... tion of DDE (TTC =0.30 and 1.0) through a zooplankton-bluegill-trout food chain when exposed to DDE in a limestone quarry, even though considerable amounts of DDE were bioconcentrated at each trophic level. The authors concluded that the biomagnification potential of DDE appears to be a function of the water solubility and adsorptive affinity of DDE.…”

Section: B Ddt and Ddementioning

confidence: 95%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Trophic Transfer and Biomagnification Potential of Contaminants in Aquatic Ecosystems

Suedel¹,

Boraczek²,

Peddicord³

et al. 1994

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

195

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“…Others (Risebrough et al, 1972 andScura &Theilacker, 1977) have suggested that PCBs accumulated via the trophic pathway would be released into the environment by excretion or partitioning processes whenever the organisms reach their equilibrium level of PCB contamination . Hiraizurni et al (1979), moreover, found a rather good correlation between the PCB concentration factor and the specific surface area of plankton samples .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative importance of the trophic and direct pathways on PCB contamination in the rotifer species Brachionus calyciflorus (Pallas)

et al. 1995

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To determine the contribution of food ingestion (trophic pathway) to PCB contamination of zooplankton in the river Meuse (Belgium), we used 14 C-labelled algae (Dictyosphaerium ehrenbergianum) to measure ingestion and assimilation rates in the rotifer species Brachionus calyciflorus . When the concentration of algae in the culture medium varied from 20 103 to 200 103 algal cells ml -1 (0 .12 to 1 .18 mg C 1 -'), the Brachionus calyciflorus ingestion rate varied from 0 .25 ± 0 .12 to 1 .52 ± 0 .43 ng C ind -1 h -1 at 15 °C and from 0 .74 ± 0 .17 to 5 .93 ± 0 .61 ng C ind-' h-1 at 20 °C . The assimilation efficiency (ratio of the assimilation rate to the ingestion rate) measured in a culture medium containing 200 103 algal cells ml`' was 55 .7 ± 5 .8% . Since the PCB concentration measured in the phytoplankton of the river Meuse is about 3 pg PCBs g -1 D .W., the estimated PCB contamination of zooplankton ascribable to the trophic pathway ranges from 0 .22 ± 0 .17 to 1 .31 ± 0.77 jag PCBs g -1 D .W. at 15 °C and from 0 .64 ± 0 .34 to 5 .10 ± 2 .10 pg PCBs g -1 D . W. at 20'C . The lower figure based on measurements effected at 20 ° C is comparable to the actual level measured in zooplankton samples collected in the river Meuse (0 .69 ± 0 .20 pg PCBs g`' D .W.) . The applicability of the formula used in our estimate was checked in a 48-hour in vitro experiment in which the rotifers were fed contaminated algae . The PCB accumulation measured in the rotifers was found to coincide with the calculated PCB contamination . Additional experiments were carried out to determine the contribution of the direct pathway to PCB contamination of zooplankton living in the river Meuse (0 .02 pg PCBs 1 -1 of water; average dissolved organic matter : 3 mg C 1 -1 ) . The PCB concentration in zooplankton resulting from direct uptake of PCBs from the water was estimated at 0 .19 ± 0.05 jug PCBs g -1 D .W. These results show that in zooplankton living in polluted ecosystems, PCBs are likely to accumulate via the trophic pathway to concentrations up to 30 times higher than by direct contamination . Furthermore, our estimates of PCB contamination via the trophic pathway coincide quite well with actual concentrations measured in situ .

show abstract

Transfer of the chlorinated hydrocarbon PCB in a laboratory marine food chain

Cited by 39 publications

References 25 publications

Accumulation and Depuration of DDTs in the Food Chain from Artemia to Brook Trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis )

Accumulation and Depuration of DDTs in the Food Chain from Artemia to Brook Trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis )

Trophic Transfer and Biomagnification Potential of Contaminants in Aquatic Ecosystems

Relative importance of the trophic and direct pathways on PCB contamination in the rotifer species Brachionus calyciflorus (Pallas)

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