Transfer of Perceptual Learning From Local Stereopsis to Global Stereopsis in Adults With Amblyopia: A Preliminary Study

Chopin, Adrien; Silver, Michael; Sheynin, Yasha; Ding, Jian; Levi, Dennis M.

doi:10.3389/fnins.2021.719120

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This last criterion was intended to increase the range of stereoacuities present in our sample. Another inclusion criterion was the ability to fuse without suppression when tested with the Diplopia-Suppression Test 29 during the first session. Two participants were excluded: one due to an episode of blurred vision and one stereoblind on all tests.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The eRDS v6 Stereotest and the Vivid Vision Stereo Test: Two New Tests of Stereoscopic Vision

Denkinger

Antoniou

Tarello

et al. 2023

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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Purpose To describe two new stereoacuity tests: the eRDS v6 stereotest, a global dynamic random dot stereogram (dRDS) test, and the Vivid Vision Stereo Test version 2 (VV), a local or “contour” stereotest for virtual reality (VR) headsets; and to evaluate the tests’ reliability, validity compared to a dRDS standard, and learning effects. Methods Sixty-four subjects passed a battery of stereotests, including perceiving depth from RDS. Validity was evaluated relative to a tablet-based dRDS reference test, ASTEROID. Reliability and learning effects were assessed over six sessions. Results eRDS v6 was effective at measuring small thresholds (<10 arcsec) and had a moderate correlation (0.48) with ASTEROID. Across the six sessions, test-retest reliability was good, varying from 0.84 to 0.91, but learning occurred across the first three sessions. VV did not measure stereoacuities below 15 arcsec. It had a weak correlation with ASTEROID (0.27), and test-retest reliability was poor to moderate, varying from 0.35 to 0.74; however, no learning occurred between sessions. Conclusions eRDS v6 is precise and reliable but shows learning effects. If repeated three times at baseline, this test is well suited as an outcome measure for testing interventions. VV is less precise, but it is easy and rapid and shows no learning. It may be useful for testing interventions in patients who have no global stereopsis. Translational Relevance eRDS v6 is well suited as an outcome measure to evaluate treatments that improve adult stereodepth perception. VV can be considered for screening patient with compromised stereovision.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The eRDS v6 Stereotest and the Vivid Vision Stereo Test: Two New Tests of Stereoscopic Vision

Denkinger

Antoniou

Tarello

et al. 2023

Trans. Vis. Sci. Tech.

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“…The level associated with the coarsest stereopsis (800 ′′ ) can be passed by strabismic adults and children and also by children with monofixation syndrome. Patients with poor vision are also able to pass the test if the largest disparity is used, but not with small disparities (40-140 ′′ ) [59].…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Invasive Recording of Ocular-Following Responses in Children: A Promising Tool for Stereo Deficiency Evaluation

Miladinović,

Quaia,

Ajčević

et al. 2024

JCM

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Background: The ability to merge the two retinal images to perceive depth (stereopsis) plays an important role in human vision. Its proper development requires binocular alignment and good visual acuity in both eyes during childhood. Because treatments are more effective when applied early, early diagnosis is important. Unfortunately, assessing stereo deficiencies in infants and young children remains challenging. Recently, it has been shown that ocular-following responses (OFRs; reflexive, short-latency eye movements induced by the sudden motion of a large textured pattern) are sensitive to changes in interocular correlation, making them potentially useful for stereo deficiency assessments. To test this hypothesis, we measured OFRs elicited by dichoptic stimulation in children with normal and compromised stereopsis (due to amblyopia). Methods: Two groups of six children (age- and sex-matched: 3M/3F aged 7–12 yo), one with compromised stereopsis and one with normal stereopsis, were included. OFRs were recorded using a custom high-resolution video eye-tracking system. The relative differences between eye displacement induced by correlated stimuli (up-correlated–down-correlated) and anticorrelated (up-anticorrelated–down-anticorrelated) were compared. Results: We found significant differences between OFRs induced by two dichoptic conditions (correlated and anticorrelated stimuli) in most children with normal stereopsis, whereas no differences were observed in children with compromised stereopsis, indicating a lack of disparity detectors. Conclusions: OFRs might thus be exploited as a diagnostic tool for the objective identification of stereo deficiencies in children. This might lead to improved early diagnosis and treatment outcomes for conditions like amblyopia and strabismus.

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“…The ring stimuli consist of sparse contour features, referred to as 'local' stereopsis, whereas the dip stimuli are defined by dense noise elements, referred to as 'global' stereopsis. These stimulus types have been used in different populations and with some evidence for separate processing mechanisms [23]. Using standard chart-based tests, stereoacuity estimates are similar for local and global stereopsis tests [24].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Foraging Interactive D-prime and Angular Indication Measurement Stereo with different methods to assess stereopsis

Neupane,

Skerswetat,

Bex

2024

PLoS ONE

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Purpose Stereopsis is a critical visual function, however clinical stereotests are time-consuming, coarse in resolution, suffer memorization artifacts, poor repeatability, and low agreement with other tests. Foraging Interactive D-prime (FInD) Stereo and Angular Indication Measurement (AIM) Stereo were designed to address these problems. Here, their performance was compared with 2-Alternative-Forced-Choice (2-AFC) paradigms (FInD Stereo only) and clinical tests (Titmus and Randot) in 40 normally-sighted and 5 binocularly impaired participants (FInD Stereo only). Methods During FInD tasks, participants indicated which cells in three 4*4 charts of bandpass-filtered targets (1,2,4,8c/° conditions) contained depth, compared with 2-AFC and clinical tests. During the AIM task, participants reported the orientation of depth-defined bars in three 4*4 charts. Stereoscopic disparity was adaptively changed after each chart. Inter-test agreement, repeatability and duration were compared. Results Test duration was significantly longer for 2-AFC (mean = 317s;79s per condition) than FInD (216s,18s per chart), AIM (179s, 60s per chart), Titmus (66s) or RanDot (97s). Estimates of stereoacuity differed across tests and were higher by a factor of 1.1 for AIM and 1.3 for FInD. No effect of stimulus spatial frequency was found. Agreement among tests was generally low (R2 = 0.001 to 0.24) and was highest between FInD and 2-AFC (R2 = 0.24;p<0.01). Stereoacuity deficits were detected by all tests in binocularly impaired participants. Conclusions Agreement among all tests was low. FInD and AIM inter-test agreement was comparable with other methods. FInD Stereo detected stereo deficits and may only require one condition to identify these deficits. AIM and FInD are response-adaptive, self-administrable methods that can estimate stereoacuity reliably within one minute.

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Transfer of Perceptual Learning From Local Stereopsis to Global Stereopsis in Adults With Amblyopia: A Preliminary Study

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

The eRDS v6 Stereotest and the Vivid Vision Stereo Test: Two New Tests of Stereoscopic Vision

The eRDS v6 Stereotest and the Vivid Vision Stereo Test: Two New Tests of Stereoscopic Vision

Non-Invasive Recording of Ocular-Following Responses in Children: A Promising Tool for Stereo Deficiency Evaluation

Comparison of Foraging Interactive D-prime and Angular Indication Measurement Stereo with different methods to assess stereopsis

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