Transfer of Nitroglycerine to Hands during Contact with Commercial Explosives

Twibell, J. D.; Home, J.M.; Smalldon, K. W.; Higgs, D. G.

doi:10.1520/jfs12193j

Cited by 29 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Analyte recoveries of less than 20% were returned for the cotton ball swabs and less than 50% for the rayon swabs using either extraction solvent. These values are well below previously reported recoveries using cotton ball swabs with alternative extraction methods and solvents (2,14,26,27,29,31). The decreased analyte recoveries were attributed to the length of the wait time (15 min) which allowed for residual solvent evaporation and greater residue binding.…”

Section: Influence Of Extraction Solvent On the Recovery Of Organic Esupporting

confidence: 65%

A Comparison of Common Swabbing Materials for the Recovery of Organic and Inorganic Explosive Residues

DeTata

Collins

McKinley

2013

Journal of Forensic Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The efficiency of solvent based extraction methods used to remove explosive residues from four different swab types was investigated. Known amounts of organic and inorganic residues were spiked onto a swab surface with acetonitrile or ethanol:water combined with ultrasonication or physical manipulation used to extract the residues from each swab. The efficiency of each procedure was then calculated using liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection for organic residues and ion chromatography for inorganic residues. Results indicated that acetonitrile combined with physical agitation proved to be the most efficient method; returning analyte recoveries c. 95% for both alcohol based swabs and cotton balls. Inorganic residues were efficiently extracted using ethanol:water, while the use of acetonitrile followed by water significantly reduced the recovery of inorganic residues. Swab storage conditions were then investigated with results indicating decreased storage temperatures are required to retain the more volatile explosives.

show abstract

Section: Influence Of Extraction Solvent On the Recovery Of Organic Esupporting

confidence: 65%

A Comparison of Common Swabbing Materials for the Recovery of Organic and Inorganic Explosive Residues

DeTata

Collins

McKinley

2013

Journal of Forensic Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several studies have focused on transfer and persistence of explosive molecules [26][27][28][29][30][31]. While some of these compounds are present in OGSR, many others are structurally different so it is not possible to infer the transfer mechanism (and subsequent persistence) from studies involving explosives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of transfer and prevalence of organic gunshot residues

Hofstetter

Maitre

Beavis

et al. 2017

Forensic Science International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The main goal of the present study was to determine the amounts and distribution of organic gunshot residues (OGSR) on the shooter's upper body and clothing after discharging a pistol. A preliminary study was also performed to evaluate the prevalence of OGSR in the general population as well as in a police laboratory environment. In the transfer study, results indicated that OGSR are not only transferred to the hand of the shooter, but also to other parts of the upper body. Thus, wrists and forearms also represent interesting targets as they are washed less frequently than hands. Samples from the face and hair of the shooters resulted in no OGSR detection just after firing. It was also observed that the concentrations recovered from clothing are generally higher compared to the same skin area. Prevalence in both general (n=27) and police populations (n=25) was low. No OGSR was detected in the samples from the general population and only two samples from the police population were found positive.

show abstract

“…Clearly, the effectiveness of the SPE technique depends strongly on the porous structure of the adsorbents utilized. For clean-up and enrichment of traces of nitro compounds and the products of their degradation, different adsorbents have been applied, such as silica (5), bound phases (C-18, C-8, C-2, phenyl, cyclohexyl, cyano, diol) on silica (6,7), resins (8)(9)(10), and carbonaceous materials (7,11). For nitrate esters, the usefulness of charcoal has been demonstrated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%