“…One strategy for improving treatment outcomes is to conduct systematic research on the basic processes that contribute to treatment failure. In practice, interventions may fail for a variety of reasons, including lapses in treatment integrity (St. Peter Pipkin, Vollmer, & Sloman, 2010), changes in motivational variables (Murphy, McSweeney, Smith, & McComas, ), and changes in the function of behavior (Lerman, Iwata, Smith, Zarcone, & Vollmer, ), among others. Variables of treatment failure are often labeled with descriptive terms (e.g., “lapse in treatment integrity”) that may be neither linked to identifiable conceptual systems nor suggestive of a strategy for remediation (however, see St. Peter Pipkin et al, 2010, for an in‐depth discussion and suggestions for potential ways to mitigate lapses in treatment integrity).…”