“…In order to generate the right model system, the manipulation of neural cell cultures` intrinsic properties is often necessary. Through the use of transfections, infections, electroporation, and microinjections 18 , as well as de-novo mutations in transgenic mouse lines 19 , the introduction of genetic elements such as coding sequences, shRNA, and more can be controlled. This facilitates the generation of cell cultures that express channels, receptors, or any specific gene of interest, either as mutated forms or their wild-type counterparts, for functional binding, signaling, and electrophysiological studies.…”