Transesterification of soybean oil to biodiesel catalyzed by mesostructured Ta2O5-based hybrid catalysts functionalized by both alkyl-bridged organosilica moieties and Keggin-type heteropoly acid

Samarium‐exchanged Heteropoly Tungstate: An Efficient Solid Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of Glycerol Carbonate from Glycerol and Benzylation of Anisole

“…The W 4f binding energies are centered at 35.8 eV and 37.9 eV, corresponding to W 4f 7/2 and W 4f 5/2 , respectively, which are related to the W 6 + oxidation state. [52] XPS of P 2p region of the catalyst consists of a doublet in the range of 134.5-135.0 eV with 0.5 eV separation owing to spin-orbit splitting. The O 1s binding energies are observed at 530.9 and 532.1 eV.…”

One‐Step Preparation of Efficient and Reusable SO42−/ZrO2‐Based Hybrid Solid Catalysts Functionalized by Alkyl‐Bridged Organosilica Moieties for Biodiesel Production

“…[26] However, the binding energy of S 2p 3 IV species in the SiÀO bonds from the ÀRSi(OSi) n (OH) 3Àn network. [27] The result further implies the introduction of alkyl-bridged organosilica moieties within the SO 4 2À /ZrO 2 framework. By combining the above spectroscopy data, we concluded that both SO 4 2À and alkyl-bridged organosilica fragments were simultaneously introduced into the ZrO 2 framework by using the current one-step preparation route.…”

Simulated sunlight photodegradation of aqueous phthalate esters catalyzed by the polyoxotungstate/titania nanocomposite

“…The shifts of the binding energies of Ti2p, O1s, and W4f are due to the interaction between the Keggin unit and TiO 2 support at the surface of the composites, leading to a slight perturbation of Ti or W environment [16]. Based on similarity of electronegativity and ionic radius of Ti 4+ ion and W 6+ ion as well as the work reported by other groups [17,18] …”