Transesterification of edible, non-edible and used cooking oils for biodiesel production using calcined layered double hydroxides as reusable base catalysts

One-step production of biodiesel from oils with high acid value by activated Mg–Al hydrotalcite nanoparticles

“…Due to the depletion of fossil fuels and global warming, biodiesel research has received significant attention in the past few decades (Lu et al, 2015;Sankaranarayanan et al, 2012;Gui et al, 2008). Biodiesel produced from edible and non-edible oils, such as animal fats, cooking oil, algae oil and microbial lipids by transesterification process is considered as an environmental friendly replacement for conventional diesel because it is clean, non-toxic, renewable and carbon neutral Barakos et al, 2008).…”

Synthesis of Ca‐Doped Three‐Dimensionally Ordered Macroporous Catalysts for Transesterification

“…e basicity of the catalysts was previously studied using the Hammett indicator [16][17][18]. e basicity of 3DOM CaO/Al 2 O 3 was in the range of 10.0 < H_ < 12.2, whereas that of 3DOM Ca 12 Al 14 O 32 Cl 2 is 11 < H_ < 15.…”

Catalytic Constructive Deoxygenation of Lignin-Derived phenols: New C–C Bond Formation Processes from Imidazole-Sulfonates and Ether Cleavage Reactions

“…Various ceramic materials have been investigated for the production of biodiesel [106,[109][110][111][112][113][114][115]. Some of these solid catalysts include alkali and alkaline-earth metal carbonates and oxides such as magnesium oxide (MgO), calcium oxide (CaO), barium oxide (BaO), strontium oxide (SrO) [124- transition metal oxides and derivatives (titanium oxide, zinc oxide, mixed oxides catalysts [148][149]); ion exchange resin type acid heterogeneous catalysts [150]; MCM-metal impregnated materials [114]; layered double hydroxides (hydrotalcite-like hydroxides) [151][152][153][154]; hydrocalumite-like compounds [110,155]; supported bases [156][157][158][159][160][161][162][163]; and zeolites [164][165].…”