Transesterification of castor oil catalyzed by a fermented solid produced by Burkholderia contaminans using a bioreactor coupled with ultrasound irradiation

Abstract

In this work, ultrasound was used to assist the ethanolysis of castor oil in a solvent-free system, catalyzed by a dry fermented solid containing the lipase from Burkholderia contaminans (BCFS). Reactions were done at 45 • C. The maximum conversion in Erlenmeyer flasks was 71% in 96 h, using a loading of 9% (mass of BCFS in relation to the mass of triacylglycerols in the castor oil) and a molar ratio of ethanol:oil of 6:1, with addition of ethanol in 12 steps. In a packed-bed reactor containing 12 g of BCFS, the conversions were 78% in 48 h, and 83% in 72 h with an ethanol to oil molar ratio of 3:1 and treatment with an ultrasound probe, with maximum power of 500 W, frequency of 20 kHz, and 75% of the maximum power. These results are promising given that, with an ultrasound assisted bioreactor, a higher conversion in a shorter time was achieved, with a lower ethanol to oil molar ratio than was the case in the Erlenmeyer flasks without ultrasound.

Biosynthesis of diisooctyl 2,5‐furandicarboxylate by Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) immobilized on a macroporous epoxy resin

“…Currently, lipase-catalyzed esterification reactions are the most significant biochemical processes of industrial relevance due to wide application of the derived products. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Because of its high catalytic activity and versatility, Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) is one of the most commonly used lipases in biochemical syntheses. 16,17 CALB is very special, having a peculiar mechanism of action.…”

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Because of its high catalytic activity and versatility, Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) is one of the most commonly used lipases in biochemical syntheses. 16,17 CALB is very special, having a peculiar mechanism of action. Compared with other lipases, 18,19 CALB does not have a "lid" structure and has a wider substrate selectivity.…”