Transesterification of a novel feedstock,  Cyprinus carpio  fish oil: Influence of co-solvent and characterization of biodiesel

Fadhil, Abdelrahman B.; Al‐Tikrity, Emaad T. B.; Albadree, Muhammed A.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2015.09.001

Cited by 81 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…They increase in quantity as food consumption increases. The most commonly employed of these food wastes for biodiesel production are used cooking oil, 135–138 animal fats, including beef tallow, 64, 139–142 chicken fats, 143, 144 waste fish oils, 145–148 and lard (Ezekannagha et al ., Miladinović et al .) 149, 150 .…”

Section: Oil Feedstock Issues and Sustainability For Biodiesel Producmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of biogenic waste‐derived heterogeneous catalysts and feedstock hybridization techniques in biodiesel production

Etim

Musonge

Eloka‐Eboka

2020

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Biodiesel has the potential to contribute significantly to the elimination of the present global energy and climate change logjam, but its production and commercialization have been hindered by the diverse nature of the feedstocks used for production. This paper reviews the effectiveness of applying various types of crop and animal waste-derived catalysts together with innovative feedstock hybridization as an economically viable technique for biodiesel production. Feedstock challenges, availability, and sustainability for large-scale applications are addressed with a view to bridging the existing gaps. Challenges in the use of edible oils and algae oil sources and development remain, but the technique of feedstock hybridization appears to be very promising, innovative, and cost-effective for biodiesel production. The present state of biodiesel production could be improved by the application of simple and cost-effective technologies in the feedstock system. High free fatty acid (FFA) content is the major hurdle to the use of most oils, especially low-grade/advanced oil feedstocks, in biodiesel production. This could be addressed through technological application of feedstock hybrids and biogenic waste-derived heterogenous catalysts, and their biochemical modifications. Conventional technology for the large-scale application of inorganically derived catalysts in biodiesel production with various characteristic differences is presented. Heterogenous catalysts derived from biogenic wastes and their modification could be used to overcome associated problems with the use of inorganic catalysts in biodiesel production. Biogenic waste-derived heterogenous catalysts are renewable, available, eco-friendly, and cost-effective. Technological applications of heterogeneous catalysts derived from biogenic waste are outlined and reviewed, considering various materials and different modification techniques to identify appropriate options for scaling up development. This review also discusses fundamental considerations for the Review

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Section: Oil Feedstock Issues and Sustainability For Biodiesel Producmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of biogenic waste‐derived heterogeneous catalysts and feedstock hybridization techniques in biodiesel production

Etim

Musonge

Eloka‐Eboka

2020

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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“…After impregnation, the mixture was filtered using a filter paper (Whatman No.1) and oven-dried at 105 C until a constant weight was obtained. The dried catalysts were calcined at 450 C for 2 h. The amount of KOH loaded on the AC was determined gravimetrically (Fadhil, Al-Tikrity, & Albadree, 2015;Wan & Hameed, 2010).…”

Section: Preparation Of the Activated Carbon And Koh/ac Solid Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most important characteristics of the solid base catalysts are their recoverability and reusability which in turn affect the economics of using heterogeneous catalysis for biodiesel production (Encinar et al, 2010;Fadhil et al, 2015). Based on this fact, the utilized catalyst was regenerated and examined for transesterification of WCO and WFO with methanol for further cycles (five cycles) by applying the optimum conditions obtained during the present study as shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Reusability Of the Solid Catalystmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of methyl esters production from non-edible oils using activated carbon supported potassium hydroxide as a solid base catalyst

Fadhil

Aziz

Altamer

2018

Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences

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The present investigation reports transesterification of non-edible oils, waste cooking oil (WCO) and waste fish oil (WFO) with methanol using activated carbon supported potassium hydroxide (KOH) as a solid base catalyst. Activated carbon was prepared from polyethylene terephthalate waste and loaded with KOH by wet impregnation method to prepare KOH/AC solid base catalyst. X-ray diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were utilized to characterize the resulting solid base catalyst. Retention method was utilized to measure the specific surface area of the activated carbon and its derived solid base catalyst, while Hammett indicator method was followed to determine the basic strength of the prepared solid base catalyst. The prepared catalyst has granular and porous structures with a high basicity and a superior catalytic performance for the transesterification reaction. Transesterification reaction variables were arranged to obtain the best biodiesel yield. The highest methyl ester yield from WCO (88.12% w/w with an ester content of 96.68% w/w) was obtained by employing 3.5 wt.% KOH/AC catalyst, 9:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 65 C reaction temperature, the reaction time of 180 min and the stirring rate of 600 rpm, while maximum methyl ester yield from WFO (92.66% w/w with 96.98% w/w ester content) was produced with 3.0 wt.% KOH/AC catalyst, 9:1 methanol to oil molar ratio at 65 C for 150 minutes of the reaction and 600 rpm. The prepared solid base catalyst was recoverable and thermally stable giving a yield of 70 wt.% after the 5th cycle. The fuel properties of the raw oils were significantly enhanced after transesterification with methanol in the presence of KOH/AC, and were in conformity with the ASTM D 6751 limits as well. Therefore, the prepared KOH/AC composite may be considered as a promising solid base catalyst for transesterification of non-edible oils with methanol. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…The high price of the edible oils used in the production of biodiesel raised its production cost (Fadhil et al 2015). The high price of the edible oils used in the production of biodiesel raised its production cost (Fadhil et al 2015).…”

Section: Biodiesel From Sewage Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

Waste Energy for Life Cycle Assessment

Demırbas

2016

Green Energy and Technology

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Transesterification of a novel feedstock, Cyprinus carpio fish oil: Influence of co-solvent and characterization of biodiesel

Cited by 81 publications

References 30 publications

Effectiveness of biogenic waste‐derived heterogeneous catalysts and feedstock hybridization techniques in biodiesel production

Effectiveness of biogenic waste‐derived heterogeneous catalysts and feedstock hybridization techniques in biodiesel production

Optimization of methyl esters production from non-edible oils using activated carbon supported potassium hydroxide as a solid base catalyst

Waste Energy for Life Cycle Assessment

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